Movimentos religiose millennialiste american in le seculo dece nove

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, English)

Desde le morte de Christo il sovente ha habite movimentos millennialiste inter le christianos predicente le fin de iste mundo pecanimose e un regno de mille annos per Christo mesme. Naturalmente, Christo nunquam ha venite pro reignar sur le mundo, ma nove predictiones del fin del mundo sempre ha venite periodicamente in le duo mille annos del existentia del christianitate.

Un tal movimento in le Statos Unite comenciava con William Miller (1782-1849), un soldato american qui luctava contra le angleses in nostre guerra de 1812 (mille octo centos dece e duo). Ille habeva essite un atheo, ma post le guerra ille deveniva un christiano enthusiastic. Post un studio del libros de Daniel e de Revelation, ille concludeva que le data quando Christo retornarea al mundo esserea le 21 martio, 1844 (le dece un de martio de mille octo centos quaranta e quatro). Ille appoiava su predictiones con un serie de calculationes inspirate per su studio del biblia.

Ille convinceva 100.000 (cento mille) americanos que ille habeva ration. E ante que debeva venir le fin del mundo, illes habeva vendite omne lo que illes possedeva, credente que illes non haberea besonio de lor possessiones post que Christo habeva venite.

Christo non veniva, naturalmente, e Miller faceva nove calculationes, concludente que le grande die esserea October 22, 1844 (le vinti duo de octobre, mille octo centos quaranta e quatro), ma Christo e su raptura anque non veniva quando arrivava iste nove data.

Ma le poteres de reinterpretation de scholares del biblia es immense. Le discipulos de Miller concludeva que le datas computate per ille solmente significava le inauguration del processo del salvation final. Unes ex illes formava le religion adventista del septime die in le Statos Unite.

In 1879 (mille octo centos septanta e nove) un altere millennialiste american, Charles Taze Russell (1852-1916) inaugurava un altere movimento millennialiste, le testes de jehovah. Como Miller, Russell faceva su proprie predictiones, ma Christo non veniva.

Russell moriva durante le Prime Guerra Mundial, e probabilemente ille credeva que su battalias iva a inaugurar Armageddon. Ma Christo non veniva.

Franklin Rutherford (1869-1942) continuava le movimento, insistente que "milliones qui nunc vive nunquam morira". Ma omnes qui viveva quando ille faceva iste prediction probabilemente ha morite. Ille mesme moriva durante le Secunde Guerra Mundial, e probabilemente ille credeva que le battalias de iste guerra aunque inaugurarea le processo de Armageddon.

Ma le stupiditate aggressive del humanitate es multo tenace, e le corpore de testes de jehova ha continuate su expansion, attrahente plus que un million de adherentes.

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American Religious Millennialist Movements in the Nineteenth Century

Since the death of Christ there have often been millennialist movements among Christians predicting the end of the sinful world and a thousand-year reign by Christ himself. Naturally, Christ has never come to reign over the world, but new predictions for the end of the world have always come along periodically in in the two thousand years of the existence of Christianity.

One such movement in the United States started with William Miller (1783-1849), an American soldier who fought against the English in the war of 1812 (eighteen twelve). He had been an atheist, but after the war he became an enthusiastic Christian. After a study of the books of Daniel and Revelation, he concluded that the date when Christ would return to the world would be March 21, 1844 (March the twenty-first, eighteen forty-four). He supported his predictions with a series of calculations inspired by his study of the bible.

He convinced 100,000 (one hundred thousand) Americans that he was right. And before the end of the world was to come, they had sold everything they owned, believing that they would not need their material possessions after Christ had come.

Christ did not come, of course, and Miller made new calculations, concluding that the big day would be October 22, 1844 (October the twenty-second, eighteen forty-four), but Christ and his rapture also did not come when this new date arrived.

But the powers of reinterpretation of the scholars of the bible are immense. Miller's disciples concluded that the dates he computed only signified the inauguration of the process of final salvation. One of them formed the seventh day adventist religion in the United States.

In 1879 (eighteen seventy-nine) another American millennialist, Charles Taze Russell (1852-1916) founded the jehova's witnesses. Like Miller, Russell made his own predictions, but Christ did not come.

Russell died during the First World War, and he probably believed that its battles were going to inaugurate Armageddon. But Christ did not come.

Franklin Rutherford (1869-1942) continued the movement, insisting that "millions who are now alive will never die." But all those who were alive when he made this prediction have probably died. He himself died during the Second World War, and he probably believed that the battles of this war also would inaugurate the Armageddon process.

But the aggressive stupidity of humanity is very tenacious, and the body of jehovah's witnesses has continued its expansion, attracting more than a million adherents.

La Oroya, Peru

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, English)

In La Oroya, Peru, un planta de fusion de plombo es un exemplo typic del conflictos inter le economia del citate e le maladias causate per le processos industrial del planta.

Activistas peruvian e statounitese insista que le effluxo de plumbo, arsenico, e altere substantias toxic ha compromittite le disvellopamento mental e physic del pueros qui vive circum La Oroya. Ma on non ha facite studios epidemiologic e statistic que establirea definitivemente que le planta es le causa de iste problemas proque tal studios es costose e nemo ha potite accumular le moneta pro financiar los.

Le compania que possede le planta, Doe Run, insiste que le taxa de emissiones toxic de su planta se ha reducite per un tertio durante le annos que illo ha possedite le planta e que illo ha modificate le conditiones de travalio in le planta pro reducer significantemente le contacto inter su obreros e le substantias toxic que le planta processa.

Ma iste asseverationes per Do Run non convince le activistas qui protesta le conditiones de vita in La Oroya proque le compania mesme basa su position in su proprie statisticas, que facilemente poterea esser falsificate pro justificar le status quo in ille parve citate.

Il anque ha un conflicto inter le gente qui vive in La Oroya. Alicunes es convencite que le problemas causate per le polution liberate per le compania es troppo sever in su effectos e que le planta debe esser claudite. Alteres insista que on ha necessitate del empleos providite per le planta e que La Oroya morirea sin le ressources economic producite per illo.

"Basicamente, Do Run face lo que illo vole in despecto del damno causate per su activitates," insista Cesar A. Gutierrez Revilla, le burgomagistro de La Oroya, qui habeva travaliate pro le compania como un ingeniero chimic ma qui ganiava le election a causa de su opposition al planta.

Le functionarios de Doe Run tamen insiste que illes es multo active in continuar lor effortios pro reducer le taxa de polution in La Oroya.

"Nos vermente ha besonio de iste planta," diceva Rocio Guadalupe Mejia, qui es un alte functionario de un gruppo de appoio subventionate per Doe Run.

Le pollution de lo que nunc es La Oroya comenciava con le espanioles durante lor colonisation de Peru. Illes esseva interessate principalmente in le auro que illes trovava in le area. Ma nunc le planta processa plumbo, cupre, zinc, cadmio--e anque reducite quantitates de argento e auro.

E le pollution del planta ha afficite le terrenos circum La Oroya, invenenante con substantias toxic multe lagunas del area cuje aquas nunc ha le color de rubie o orange brillante e luminose, e il es impossibile usar los como un fonte de aqua potabile.

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La Oroya, Peru

In La Oroya, a lead-smelting plant is a typical example of the conflicts between the economy of the town and the illnesses caused by the industrial processes of the plant.

Peruvian and American activists insist that the outflow of lead, arsenic, and other toxic substances has compromised the mental and physical development of the children that live around La Oroya. But epidemiological and statistical studies that would definitively establish that the plant is the cause of these problems have not been made because such studies are costly and no one has been able to accumulate the money to finance them.

The company that owns the plant, Doe Run, insists that the rate of toxic emissions from its plant has been reduced by one third during the years that it has owned the plant and that it has changed the working conditions in the plant to significantly reduce the contact between its workers and the toxic substances that the plant processes.

But these statements by Do Run do not impress the activists who are protesting the living conditions in La Oroya because the company itself is basing its position on its own statistics, which could easily be falsified to justify the status quo in that small town.

There is also a conflict between the people who live in La Oroya. Some are convinced that the problems caused by the pollution released by the company are too severe in their effects and that the plant should be closed (down). Others insist that the jobs provided by the plant are needed and that La Oroya would become a ghost town without the economic resources produced by it.

"Basically, Do Run does what it wants in spite of the damage caused by its activities," insists Cesar A Gutierrez Revilla, the mayor of La Oroya, who had worked for the company as a chemical engineer but who won the election because of his opposition to the plant.

The executives of Doe Run, however, insist that they are very active in continuing their efforts to reduce the rate of pollution in La Oroya.

"We really have need of this plant," said Rocio Guadalupe Mejia, who is a leader of a support group subsidized by Doe Run.

The pollution of what is now La Oroya started with the Spanish during their colonization of Peru. They were interested principally in the gold that they found in the area. But now the plant processes lead, copper, zinc, eadmium--and also reduced amounts of silver and gold.

And the pollution of the plant has affected the land around La Oroya, poisoning with toxic substances many lagoons of the area whose water now has the color of a brilliant and luminous red or orange, and it is impossible to use them as a source of potable water.

Le Roma de Constantino

(Le Roma de Constantino)

Multe partes del Roma de Constantino tosto essera disponibile in un reconstruction informatic. Le projecto comenciava ante dece annos a UCLA (University of California, Los Angeles). Illo reconstrue le major parte de Roma durante le anno 320 (tres centos vinti) C.E., quando le population del urbe esseva a su maximo de plus que 1.000.000 (un million de) inhabitantes.

Per le uso de mappas historic, photographos a base de scannatores de laser, e le cognoscimentos de archeologos, artistas, e architectos de Europa e le Statos Unite, le informaticos qui ha travaliate in iste projecto ha construite simulationes de 7.000 (septe mille) edificios e 31 (trenta e un) monumentos, includente le Coliseo e alteres que ha cadite a in ruinas, como le Templo de Venere e le senato roman.

Iste modelo informatic monstra quasi omne le urbe intra su muros Aurelian como illo esseva ante 1.700 (mille septe centos) annos.

Bernard Frischer, le director del projecto, diceva que illo dara a historicos, latinistas, e studentes juvene un nove e plus realistic maniera de examinar iste periodo del historia roman.

On pote entrar in iste Roma informatic e examinar omne su partes, volante super le arco de Constantino, pro exemplo, o descendente a in le cavias subterranee del Coliseo, ubi leones e altere animales feroce se immagazinava ante lor luctas contra le gladiatores del imperio.

Iste ressource permitte que on studia plus exactemente como Roma appareva durante iste epocha e imagina como illo functionava. Il anque es possibile studiar plus exactemente le frescos e inscriptiones del epocha--e anque le apparentia de multe edificios que nunc se trova in ruinas o coperite per le immunditias del pollution atmospheric del Roma contemporanee.

Partes de iste projecto nunc es disponibile a [www.romereborn.virginia.edu].

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Many parts of Constantine's Rome soon will be available in a computerized reconstruction. The project started ten years ago at UCLA. It reconstructs most of Rome during the year 320 (three twenty) C.E., when the population of the city was at is maximum of more than 1,000,000 (one million) inhabitants.

Through the use of historical maps, laser-scanner photographs, and the knowledge of archeologists, artists, and architects from Europe and the United States, the computerists who have worked on this project have constructed simulations of 7,000 (seven thousand) buildings and thirty-one monuments, including the Coliseum and others that have fallen into ruin, such as the Temple of Venus and the Roman Senate.

This computerized model shows almost the entire city within its Aurelian walls the way it was 1,700 (a thousand seven hundred) years ago.

Bernard Frischer, the project director, said that it will give historians, Latinists, and young students a new and more realistic way of examining this period of Roman history.

A person can enter this computerized Rome and examine all its parts, flying above the Arch of Constantine, for example, or descending into the subterranean cages of the Coliseum, where lions and other ferocious animals were confined before their fights with the gladiators of the empire.

This resource allows a person to study more exactly what Rome looked like during this era and to imagine how it worked. It is also possible to study more exactly the frescos and inscriptions of that era--and also the appearance of many buildings that are now in ruins or covered up by the filth of atmospheric pollution of contemporary Rome.

Parts of this project are now available at [www.romereborn.virginia.edu].

Le linguage e le cerebro

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, English)

Il esserea multo satisfacente, naturalmente, si nos poteva trovar un parte del cerebro que controla regulas syntactic e un altere parte que immagasina le parolas de nostre linguas, ma le cerebro non ha iste typo de structura. Illo non es simplemente le typo de organo con pecias de texito con formas recognoscibile como le ficato o un ren in le quales activitates physiologic ben definite se executa. Il es necesse que un rotula ha un certe forma physic pro functionar ben, me un senso de orientation in le spatio, pro exemplo, o le intelligentia emotional e social o le capacitate de parlar un lingua usa multe partes differente del cerebro con connexiones a multe altere partes.

Le cerebro es un organo de computation, e lo que es importante in systemas de computation es como le information flue inter lor diverse partes e no con la forma del partes mesme.

In nostre computatores, un programma o un base de datos pote immagazinar se in diverse sectores in RAM (memoria ephemere) o in un disco magnetic o optic. Ma si le systema preserva le information e si il ha ligamines inter le regiones differente, le programma functiona perfectemente, e si nos voleva, nos poterea describer exactemente iste ligamines--un possibilitate pauco practic in le caso de un systema informatic e un scopo impossibile in le caso del cerebro human.

Le cerebro non es un computator digital, naturalmente, e su circuitos non se transmitte inter le cannelaturas de communication de un processator central e un collection de chips de RAM. Ma le systemas de information e computation del cerebro human trova connexiones organicamente convenibile durante que illo disveloppa le rete de communicationes intra nostre cerebros--un processo multo rapide inter nostre infantes e pueros que continua mesmo ultra le pubertate.

Omnes qui ha installate un pacchetto de logiciel in un computator sape que mesmo un programma simple ha besonio de centenares, mesmo milles de archivos trovate in omne le partes del machina si le logiciel va a coordinar se efficacemente con le memoria e systemas de transmission e immagazinage e permitter que cata componente del computator functiona ben.

De un maniera simile, le systemas de processamento del cerebro es como un octopode cuje tentaculos vade (1) al bucca, (2) al gorga, (3) al diaphragma (pro provider le fluxo de ar necesse pro parlar), (4) al aures (pro comprender le linguage parlate), (5) al memoria temporanee (pro immagazinar le prime parte de un asseveration durante que on essaya a construer su parte final), (6) a conceptos de omne typo in le processo de trovar parolas que exprime iste conceptos de un maniera efficace, e (7) a systemas de planification e rationamento (pro decider exactemente lo que on vole dicer e como on vole dicer lo).

In un machina artificial, cata componente pote esser in su proprie cassa, ma le cerebro human es le producto de evolution aleatori que se extende retro al minus al prime pisces e amphibianos que sortiva del oceano pro promenar se in le litores de nostre insulas e continentes, e su structura es le producto de multissime experimentos aleatori trans le milliones de annos del evolution del vita sur nostre planeta, e de multe manieras su diverse functiones es un compromisso inter lo que poterea esser optime e lo que es simplemente practic pro assecurar le superviventia e de nos mesmes e del milliones de animales que es nostre ancestres.

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Language and the Brain

It would be very satisfying, naturally, if we could find a part of the brain that controls syntactic rules and another part that stores the words of our languages, but the brain does not have this kind/type of structure. It is not simply the kind of organ with pieces of tissue with recognizable forms such as the liver or a kidney, in which well-defined physiological activities take place. It is necessary for a kneecap to have a certain physical form to function well, but a sense of orientation in space, for example, or emotional and social intelligence or the capability of speaking a language uses many different parts of the brain with connections to many other parts.

The brain is a computing organ, and what is important in systems of computation is how information flows among its various parts and not with the form of the parts themselves.

In our computers, a program or a data base can be stored in various sections of RAM (random-access memory) or on a magnetic or optical disk. But if the system preserves the information and if there are links among the different regions, the program functions perfectly, and, if we wanted to, we could exactly describe these links--a highly impractical possibility in the case of a computerized system and an impossible goal in the case of the human brain.

The brain is not a digital computer, of course, and its circuits are not transmitted through the communication slots of a central processor and of a collection of RAM chips. But the information and computation systems of the human brain find organically suitable connections as it develops the communication network in our brains--a very rapid process among infants and children that continues even after puberty.

Anyone who has installed a software package in a computer knows that even a simple program needs hundreds, even thousands, of files found in all the parts of the machine if the software is going to work effectively with the memory and the transmission and storage systems and allow every component of the computer to function well.

In the same way, the processing systems of the brain are like an octopus whose tentacles go (1) to the mouth, (2) to the throat, (3) to the diaphragm (to provide the flow of air needed for speaking), (4) to the ears (to understand spoken language), (5) to the temporary memory (to store the first part of a statement as a person tries to construct its final part), (6) to all kinds of concepts in the process of finding words that explain these concepts in an effective way, and (7) to reasoning and planning systems (to decide exactly what a person wants to say and how he wants to say it).

In an artificial machine, each component can be in its own box, but the human brain is the product of random evolution that extends backwards at least to the first fish and amphibians that left the ocean to walk on the shores of our islands and continents, and its structure is the product of many random experiments throughout the millions of years of the evolution of life on our planet, and in many ways its various functions are a compromise between what could be optimum and what is simply practical to assure our own survival and the survival of the millions of animals that are our ancestors.

Antisemitismo e homophobia in Europa

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, English)

Antisemitismo es fortemente prohibite per le Concilio de Europa, ma homophobos es libere a predicar lor odio.

Secundo le secretario general del Concilio de Europa, Terry Davis, "Europa es troppo sovente tolerante de homophobos e negligente de lor victimas."

"Il es ver que le orientation sexual de un persona non provocara su incarceration," ille addeva, "ma le bigots in diverse paises europee anque es libere a advocar lor convictiones homophobic de un maniera que non esserea tolerate in le caso de odio antisemitic."

Multo sovente, secundo ille, functionarios public, como burgomaestros, parlamentarios, e anque figuras religiose es libere a exprimer lor odio homophobic como le nazis in le governamento de Hitler, demonstrante un insuccesso de practicar le tolerantia official del Union Europee pro gente gay. In isto, le homosexuales de Europa es le sol minoritate sin le protectiones de altere minoritates europee.

Davis insisiteva il es essential que le derectos e le libertates fundamental garantite per le Convention Europee pro Derectos Human sia defendite "con conviction, perseverantia, e le plen fortia del systemas legal del paises europee."

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Antisemitism is strongly prohibited by the Council of Europe, but homophobes are free to preach their hatred.

According to the secretary general of the Council of Europe, Terry Davis, "Europe is too often tolerant of homophobes while neglecting their victims."

"It is true that a person's sexual orientation will not provoke his incarceration," he added, "but the bigots in various European countries are also free to advocate their homophobic convictions in a way that would not be tolerated in the case of antisemitic hatred."

Quite often, according to him, public officials, such as mayors, parliamentarians, and also religious figures are free to advocate their homophobic convictions like the Nazis in Hitler's government, demonstrating a failure to practice the official tolerance of the European Union for gay people. In this, the homosexuals of Europe are the only minority without the protections of other European minorities.

Davis insisted that it is essential for the fundamental rights and liberties guaranteed by the European Convention on Human Rights to be protected "with conviction, perseverance, and and the full force of the legal systems of European countries."

Feritate inter gente indigene mexican e le problema del forma de nomines personal in Mexico.

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, English)

Presso le capital de Mexico, le filia de César Cruz Benítez e Marisela Rivas non ha un nomine official--un situation assatis stranie proque le puera ha quasi duo annos.

Su matre e patre vive in Tepeji del Río, un village de Hidalgo, un stato mexican un pauco al norte del capital del pais, e illes ha date a lor filia le nomine Doni_Zänä, que in lor lingua native, hñahñu, significa "le flor del mundo".

Infelicemente, illes non ha potite registrar le nomine de lor filia con le governamento del pais. Su computatores non pote accomodar le littera "ä" e le linea "_".

Pro le indios qui parla hñahñu, iste difficultate ha devenite un problema de derectos human que exemplifica lo que illes insiste es le discrimination contra le population indigine de Mexico.

"Mi filia non ha un nomine official in iste momento, ma io va luctar contra iste discrimination contra nostre lingua," diceva César Cruz. "E io es preparate a demandar adjuta de organisationes international pro le legalisation de su nomine."

Como Cruz e su marita, Marisela, tres de lor quatro altere filias ha nomines official del espaniol e del anglese, Jocellyn, Perla, e Antonia. Ma in Hidalgo, como in altere partes del America latin, cresce le feritate indigine. E como le usatores del linguas minoritari de Europa, multes ex le populationes indigine del Americas exige que on comencia a recognoscer e a acommodar lor linguas native.

"Iste problema non es un capricio mie," diceva Cruz. "Illo ha devenite un lucta pro preservar nostre traditiones, nostre cultura, e nostre lingua. Io non pote comprender proque, pro le governamento mexican, il es tan difficile comprender e respectar nostre lingua e nostre cultura."

Cruz diceva que le governamento mexican sovente insiste que illes cambia le nomines de lor filios a nomines espaniol, o al menos a un nomine que corresponde al patronos del pronunciation del espaniol.

Le problema, secundo le governamento mexican, ha su origine in le nove technologia de su computatores, que non pote accommodar litteras que non occurre in le alphabeto espaniol. Resolver iste problema es importante, proque iste systema informatic se usa pro producer cartas de identitate national pro le population de Mexico.

Le Commision de Derectos Human de Hidalgo nunc appoia le causa de Cruz e su familia. "Nos crede que Cruz e su marita debe haber le derecto de dar a lor filia le nomine que illes prefere in lor proprie lingua," diceva Fernando Hidalgo Vergara, un portavoce del commission, que insiste que le governamento mexican debe modificar su computatores pro accommodar le systemas orthographic del linguas indigene del pais.

Un suggestion del governamento es que Cruz cambia le nomine de Doni_Zänä a "Doni Zana". "Ma in iste caso," diceva Cruz, "le nomine de mi filia non significarea le flor del mundo ma le petra del morte, e io simplemente non pote acciper iste nomine triste e deprimente!"

Nonobstante, il ha duo lateres al problema del formas exacte de nomines inter linguas differente. Ante unes annos, le pais de Sri Lanka insisteva que iste nomine se usava in anglese in vice de Ceylon. E Myanmar insisteva que on usava in anglese iste forma del nomine de lor pais in vice de Burma.

Ma in anglese nos dice "Germany" in vice de "Deutschland", pro exemplo, e "Spain" in vice de "España" e "Italy" in vice de "Italia"; e nos non pronuncia le nomine del capital de Francia como le franceses, ben que nos usa le forma orthographic "Paris." E in vice de dicer "Paris" le italianos dice "Parigi" sin causar offensa al franceses.

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Pride among the indigenous people of Mexico and the problem of name forms in Mexico.

Near the capital of Mexico, the daughter of César Cruz Benítez and Marisela Rivas does not have an official name--a rather strange situation because the girl is almost two years old.

Her mother and father live in Tepeji del Río, a village in Hidalgo, a Mexican state a bit north of the capital of the country, and they have given their daughter the name Doni_Zänä, which in their native language, Hñahñu, means "the flower of the world."

Unfortunately, they have not been able to register the name of their daughter with the government of the country. Its computers cannot accommodate the letter "ä" and the underscore line.

For the Indians who speak Hñahñu, this difficulty has become a human-rights problem exemplifying what they insist is discrimination against the indigenous population of Mexico.

"My daughter does not have an official name at this moment, but I am going to fight against this discrimination against our language," said César Cruz. "And I am prepared to ask for help from international organizations for the legalization of her name."

Like Cruz and his wife, Marisela, three of their four other daughters have official names from Spanish and English, Jocellyn, Perla, and Antonia. But in Hidalgo, as in other parts of Latin America, pride among native peoples is growing. And like the users of the minority languages of Europe, many people among the indigenous populations of the Americas are demanding that people start recognizing and accommodating their native languages.

"This problem is not a whim of mine," said Cruz. "It has become a fight to preserve our traditions, our culture, and our language. I can't understand why it is so difficult for the Mexican government to understand and respect our language and culture."

Cruz said that the Mexican government often insists that they change the names of their children to Spanish names, or at least to a name that corresponds to the patterns of Spanish pronunciation.

The problem, according to the Mexican government, has its origin in the new technology of its computers, which cannot accommodate letters that do not occur in the Spanish alphabet. It is important to resolve this problem because this computer system is used to produce national identity cards for the population of Mexico.

The Human Rights Commission of Hidalgo is now supporting the cause of Cruz and his family. "We believe that Cruz and his wife should have the right to give their daughter the name they prefer in their own language," said Fernando Hidalgo Vergara, a spokesman for the commision, which insists that the Mexican government should modify its computers to accommodate the spelling systems of the indigenous languages of the country.

One suggestion from the government is that Cruz change the name of "Doni_Zänä to "Doni Zana." "But in this case," said Cruz, "my daughter's name would not mean the flower of the world but the stone of death, and I simply cannot accept this sad and depressing name!"

Nevertheless, there are two sides to the problem of the exact form of names among different languages. A few years ago, the Sri Lanka insisted that this name should be used in English instead of Ceylon. And Myanmar insisted that this form of the name of their country be used instead of Burma.

But in English we say "Germany" instead of "Deutschland," for example, and "Spain" instead of "España" and "Italy" instead of "Italia"; and we do not pronounce the name of the capital of France the way the French do, though we use the spelling "Paris." And instead of saying "Paris" the Italians say "Parigi" without offending the French.

Le calefaction global

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, English)

Un nove reporto sur le calefaction global per le Nationes Unite ha facite un serie de predictiones quasi-apocalyptic del futuro de nostre planeta characterisate per siccitate chronic que privara milliones de personas de aqua e de nutrimentos derivate de recoltas agricole.

In despecto de iste conditiones aspere, le realitate es etiam pejor, proque corporationes e politicos voleva reducer le severitate del texto original del reporto a causa de considerationes politic e economic.

"Le plus povres del mundo, e isto include gente povre mesmo in societates prospere, suffrera le privationes le plus desperate," diceva Rajendra Pauchari, le presidente del gruppo que publicava le reporto, le qual es le secunde de quatro que le Nationes Unite publicara iste anno.

A illo contribueva plus que 2.500 scientistas, qui formulava lor predictiones basate sur le evidentia physic le plus precise que illos ha colligite in in le decadas que comenciava con le ultime tertio del seculo vinti.

Le reporto accusa principalmente le nationes industrialisate de esser responsibile pro iste cambios apocalyptic in le ecosystema de nostre planeta e schizza in detalio specific le effectos probabile sur le flora e fauna de nostre planeta.

Diverse scientistas ha dicite que illes non participara in le proxime reporto a causa del influentia del interesses politicoeconomic mundial que vole mantener le status quo economic pro un maximo de tempore si illos pote.

Le reporto nota que jam ha arrivate le prime indicationes de iste tragedia ecologic. Le primavera nunc arriva plus precocemente que in annos anterior. Nostre plantas comencia a florescer in septimanas que antea marcava le fin del hiberno, durante que in nostre montanias le nive disgela a un taxa accelerante, reducente le grandor del glacieros del mundo in le Alpes, le Himalayas, e le Andes; e le ambientes pro omne le species del mundo nunc se move verso le duo polos de nostre planeta.

In alicun partes del mundo, le prime parte del calefaction global parera beneficial. Pro exemplo, le production agricole augmentara in partes al nord de nostre planeta que nunc es troppo frigide pro appoiar le agricultura.

Iste condition tamen essera solmente provisori. Eventualmente, a causa del continuation del calefaction global, mesmo iste partes del planeta perdera lor capacitate pro nutrir nos, e ante non multe tempore inter vinti e trenta pro cento del flora e fauna de nostre planeta devenira extincte (possibilemente includente le humanitate mesme).

Solmente disastros como eruptiones massive volcanic in diverse partes del mundo o un collision con un planetesimal assatis massive poterea provocar un disastro ecologic plus tragic--ma solmente desde le perspectivo human, naturalmente. Ben que il es possibile--e forsan probabile--que nostre specie non supervivera, altere nove species evolvera pro reimplaciar nos.

Tal processos de evolution biologic es completemente aleatori, e il non ha ulle garantia que le proxime gruppo de plantas e animales includera un animal con le mesme mixtura de intelligentia e stupiditate aggressive que nos characterisa durante que nos curre cecamente in avante como un grandissime grege de boves verso un precipicio altissime que nos occidera durante que nos causa nostre proprie extinction.

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(A new report on global warming by the United Nations)/(A new [United Nationes]/[UN] global-warming report) has made a series of quasi-apoclyptic predictions of the future of our planet characterized by chronic drought that will deprive millions of people of water and food derived from agricultural harvests.

(In spite of)/(Despite) these harsh conditions, the reality is even worse because corporations and politicians wanted to reduce the severity of the original text of the report because of political and economic considerations.

"The poorest people in the world, and this includes poor people even in prosperous societies, will suffer the most desperate deprivations," said Rajendra Pauchari, the president of the group that published the report, which is the second of four that the United Nations will publish this year.

Contributors to the report included more than 2,500 scientists, who formulated their predictions based on the most precise physical evidence that they have gathered in the decades that started with the last third of the twentieth century.

The report primarily accuses the industrialized nations of being responbile for these apocolyptic changes in the ecosystem of our planet and sketches in specific detail the probable effects on the flora and fauna of our planet.

Various scientists have said that they will not participate in the next report because of the influence of world politcoeconomic interests that want to maintain the economic status quo for as much time as possible.

The report notes that the first indications of this ecological tragedy have already arrived. Spring now comes earlier than in former years. Our plants are starting to bloom in weeks that used to mark the end of winter, while in our mountains snow is melting at an accelerating rate, reducing the size of the glaciers of the world in the Alps, the Himalayas, and the Andes; and the environments for all the species of the world are moving toward the two poles of our planet.

In some parts of the world, the first part of global warming will appear beneficial. For example, agricultural production will increase in northen parts of our planet that are now too cold to support agriculture.

This condition, however, will be only temporary. Eventually, because of the continuation of global warming, even these parts of the planet will lose their capacity to feed us, and in a fairly short time between twenty and thirty percent of the flora and fauna of our planet will become extinct (possibily including humanity itself).

Only disasters like massive volcanic eruptions in various parts of the world or a collision with a rather massive planetesimal could provoke a more tragic ecological disaster--but only from the human point of view, naturally. Though it is possible--and perhaps probable--that our species will not survive, other new species will evolve to replace us.

Such processes of biological evolution are completely random, and there is no guarantee that the next group of plants and animals will include an animal with the same mixture of intelligence and aggressive stupidity that characterizes us as we blindly run forward like a gigantic herd of cattle toward a very high cliff that will kill us off as we cause our own extinction.