Iran dice que illo ha detenite “spiones” responsabile pro cyberattaccos.

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, Portuguese, English)

Le governamento de Iran recentemente diceva que illo ha detenite “spiones nuclear” suspectate de esser responsabile pro cyberattaccos contra su programma nuclear.

Secundo le pressa statal del pais, diverse personas esseva detenite como parte de un operation contra lo que le governamento irani appellava “planos de inimicos del pais”.

Le detentiones occurreva pauc dies post un attacco del cybervirus Stuxnet, que supostemente habeva le objectivo de infectar computatores in Bushehr, le planta nuclear le plus importante del pais, que comenciava a functionar in augusto.

Le autoritates habeva negate, nonobstante, que le virus habeva afficite le activitates nuclear del pais.

Le complexitate de Stuxnet, un programma que permitte accesso remote al computator afficite, suggere que illo debe haber essite create per alicun governamento national, secundo alicun analystas.

On crede que le virus es le prime specialmente create pro attaccar infrastructuras real, como plantas hydroelectric e fabricas.

Le ministro de Intelligentia, Heidar Moslehi, diceva que Iran sta sempre a confrontar activitates destructive de servicios de espionage e que su pais ha detenite diverse spiones pro bloccar le movimentos destructive de su inimicos.

Le governamento tamen non divulgava detalios como le numero de personas detenite o si le caso ha un relation specific con le attacco Stuxnet.

Mesmo si le virus anque ha afficite computatores in India, Indonesia, e le Statos Unite, Iran esseva afficite, e on crede que le virus ha suffrite un mutation post que illo entrava in Iran e attaccava presso 3.000 computatores.

Le planta Bushehr debe comenciar a producer energia nuclear in januario, duo menses post le data previdite, ma autoritates irani dice que le demora non ha ulle relation con le attacco del Stuxnet.

Le programma nuclear del pais, que Teheran dice ha fines pacific, es le objectivo de criticas e sanctiones del Nationes Unite, del Statos Unite, de Europa, que accusa le governamento irani de essayar a disveloppar armas atomic.

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Irã diz ter prendido “espiões” responsáveis por ciberataques

O governo do Irã disse recentemente ter prendido
“espiões nucleares” suspeitos de serem responsáveis pelos ataques cibernéticos contra seu programa nuclear.

Segundo a imprensa estatal do país, diversas pessoas foram detidas como parte de uma operação contra o que o governo iraniano chamou de “planos de inimigos do país”.

As detenções ocorreram poucos dias após um ataque do cibervírus Stuxnet, que supostamente almejava infectar computadores de Bushehr, a usina nuclear mais importante do país, que começou a funcionar em agosto.

As autoridades tinham negado, entretanto, que o vírus tivesse afetado as atividades nucleares do país.

A complexidade do Stuxnet, programa que permite o acesso remoto ao computador infectado, sugere que ele deve ter sido criado por algum governo nacional, de acordo com alguns analistas.

Acredita-se que o vírus seja o primeiro especialmente criado para atacar infraestruturas reais, como usinas hidrelétricas e fábricas.

O Ministro de Inteligência do país, Heidar Moslehi, disse que o Irã está sempre enfrentando atividades destrutivas de serviços de espionage e que seu país tem prendite diversos espiões para bloquear os movimentos destrutivos de seus inimigos.

O governo, porém, não divulgou detalhes como o número de pessoas presas, ou se o caso tem relação específica com o ataque Stuxnet.

Apesar de o vírus ter afetado também computadores em Índia, Indonésia e os Estados Unidos, o Irã foi o principal país afetado, e acredita-se que o vírus sofreu uma mutação depois que entraram no Irã e atacou cerca de 3.000 computadores.

A usina de Bushehr deve começar a produzir energia nuclear em janeiro, dois meses após a data prevista, mas as autoridades iranianas dizem que o atraso não tem relação com o ataque do Stuxnet.

O programa nuclear do país, que Teerã diz ter fins pacíficos, é alvo de críticas e sanções das Nações Unidas e dos Estados Unidos e de Europa, que acusam o governo persa de tentar desenvolver armas atômicas.

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Iran says it has arrested “spies” responsible for cyberattacks

Iran’s government recently said said it has arrested “nuclear spies” suspected of being responsible for the cyberattacks against its nuclear program.

According to state media, several people were arrested as part of an operation against what the Iranian government called “plans of the country’s enemies.”

The arrests just days after an attack by the cybervírus Stuxnet, which supposedly had the aim of infecting computers at Bushehr, the country's most important nuclear plant, which started operations in August.

Authorities had denied, however, that the virus had affected the country’s nuclear activities.

The complexity of Stuxnet, a program that allows remote access to the infected computer, suggests that it must have been created by a national government, according to some analysts.

It is believed that the virus is the first specifically created to attack real infrastructure, such as power plants and factories.

The country’s Intelligence Minister, Heidar Moslehi, said that Iran is always facing destructive activities of spy services, and that they have arrested several spies to block the destructive movements of the enemies of his country.

The government, however, did not disclose details such as the number of people arrested, or whether the case has a specific relation to the Stuxnet attack.

Even though the virus has also affected computers in India, Indonesia and the United States, Iran was the principal country that was affected, and it is believed that the virus mutated after it entered Iran and attacked about 3000 computers.

The Bushehr plant is to begin producing nuclear energy in January, two months after the planned date, but Iranian authorities say the delay is unrelated to the Stuxnet attack.

The country’s nuclear program, which Tehran says has peaceful purposes, is subject to criticism and sanctions from the U.N., U.S., and Europe, which accuse the Iranian government of trying to develop atomic weapons.

Volos del scientia e volos del religion

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, Spanish, Catalan, Portuguese, French, Italian, English)

Como resultato del complimentos del scientia, alicun personas ha essite capace de volar al luna. Ma a causa del religión, un parve numero de personas solmente ha habite successo in robar aviones pro volar a in duo edificios in New York.

Como resultado de los logros de la ciencia, algunas personas han sido capaces de volar a la luna. Pero por razones de religión unas pocas personas han tenido éxito solamente en el robo de aviones para volar en dos edificios en Nueva York.

Com a resultat dels èxits de la ciència, algunes persones han estat capaços de volar a la lluna. Però per raons de religió unes poques persones han tingut èxit només en el robatori d'avions per volar en dos edificis a Nova York.

Como resultado das conquistas da ciencia, algunhas persoas foron capaces de voar para a lúa. Pero por mor da relixión algunha xente só conseguiron roubar avións para voar en dous edificios en Nova York.

Como resultado das conquistas da ciência, algumas pessoas foram capazes de voar para a lua. Mas por causa da religião algumas pessoas só conseguiram roubar aviões para voar em dois prédios em Nova York.

À la suite de réalisations de la science, quelques personnes ont été capables de voler à la lune. Mais à cause de la religion un petit nombre de personnes ont seulement réussi à voler des avions pour voler dans deux bâtiments à New York.

Come conseguenza delle conquiste della scienza, alcune persone sono state in grado di volare fino alla luna. Ma a causa della religione, un piccolo numero di persone sono solo riuscito a rubare aerei per volare in due edifici a New York.

As a result of the achievements of science, a few people have been able to fly to the moon. But because of religion a few people have only succeeded in stealing planes to fly into two buildings in New York.

Le Brasil ha un opportunitate historic pro corriger un legato de abusos, secundo Amnistia International.

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, Portuguese, English)

Pro devenir un pais disveloppate, le Brasil debe prender un “opportunitate historic” de combinar un forte crescimento economic e stabilimento politic actual pro confrontar un legato de disequalitate, discrimination, e violationes de derectos human del citatanos le plus povre del pais, secundo Salil Shetty, secretario-general del Amnistia International.

“Si le Brasil face progressos significante in su respecto pro le derectos human fundamental pro omne le brasilianos”, diceva Shetty, “iste effortios pote esser traducite a in un importante exemplo pro le resto del mundo disveloppante.”

Pro Shetty, “le nove governamento brasilian debe disveloppar le effortios previe del pais pro combatter le disequalitate pro medio de programmas de transferentia de renta como le Bolsa Familia, tanto como travaliar in stricte collaboration con gruppos de defensa del minoritates social pro adjuvar les a complir le equalitate economic e social plen pro omnes in le pais”.

Ille anque exige que le proxime governamento se compromitte a establir parcelas ben definite de terra pro le populos indigene del Brasil e que illo anque inaugura programmas de reforma agrari que garanti le derectos del personas qui lucta pro le accesso al terra.

“In despecto de pressentar clar opportunitates, le forte crescimento del Brasil contine alicun periculos. Questiones jam ha essite formulate sur le programa de crescimento economic, con communitates de piscatores e gruppos indigene essente menaciate con expulsion”, diceva Shetty. “Activistas ambiental anque ha essite objectos de attaccos. E ben que le modernisation del infrastructura brasilian anque es, sin dubito, essential, si le Brasil vole relaisar su grande potential, illo non pote esser obtenite a costos del derectos human.”

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O Brasil tem uma oportunidade histórica para corrigir um legado de abusos, segundo a Anistia Internacional.

Para se tornar um país desenvolvido, o Brasil deve aproveitar a “chance histórica” de aliar o forte crescimento econômico e sua estabilidade política actual ao enfrentamento do legado de desigualdade discriminação e violações de direitos humanos dos cidadãos mais pobres do país, de acordo com Salil Shetty, secretário-geral da Anistia Internacional.

“Se o Brasil fizer progressos significativos em matéria de respeito dos direitos humanos fundamentais para todos os brasileiros”, disse Shetty, “estes esforços podem ser traduzidos em um importante exemplo para o resto do mundo em desenvolvimento.”

Para Shetty, “o novo governo brasileiro precisa desenvolver os esforços prévios do país para combater a desigualdade por meio de programas de transferência de renda como a Bolsa Família, bem como trabalhar em estreita colaboração com grupos de defesa das minorias sociais para ajudá-las a alcançar a igualdade econômica e social plena para todos no país”.

Ele também pede que o próximo governo se comprometa a estabelecer parcelas bem definidas de terra para os povos indígenas do Brasil e que ele também inaugure programas de reforma agrária que garantam os direitos das pessoas que lutam pelo acesso à terra.

“Apesar de apresentar claras oportunidades, o forte crescimento do Brasil contém alguns perigos. Questões já foram levantadas sobre o programa de crescimento econômico, com comunidades pesqueiras e grupos indígenas sendo ameaçadas de expulsão”, disse Shetty. “Também ativistas ambientais têm sido alvos de ataques. E embora a modernização da infraestrutura brasileira é também, sem dúvida, essencial, se o Brasil quiser realizar seu grande potencial, isso não pode ser conseguido às custas dos direitos humanos.”

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Brazil has a historic chance to correct a legacy of abuse, according to Amnesty International.

To become a developed country, Brazil must take advantage of a “historic opportunity” to combine strong economic growth and its current political stability to confront a legacy of inequality, discrimination and human-rights violations of its poorest citizens, according to Salil Shetty, Secretary General of Amnesty International.

“If Brazil makes significant progress in respecting fundamental human rights for all Brazilians,” Shetty Said, “these efforts can be translated into an important example for the rest of the developing world.”

For Shetty, “the new Brazilian government needs to develop the previous efforts of the country to combat inequality through income-transfer plans such as Bolsa Familia, as well as to work closely with advocacy groups of social minorities to help them achieve full economic and social equality for everyone in the country.”

He also asks that the next government commit itself to establishing well-defined parcels of land for the indigenous people of Brazil and that it also inaugurate programs of agrarian reforms that guarantee the rights of people who are fighting for access to land.

“Despite presenting clear opportunities, the strong growth of Brazil contains some dangers. Questions have been raised about the economic growth program, with fishing communities and indigenous groups being threatened with expulsion,” said Shetty. “Environmental activists have also been the targets of attacks. And though the modernization of the Brazilian infrastructure is also unquestionably essential, if Brazil wants to realize its great potential, this cannot be achieved at the expense of human rights.”

Quando le identitate sexual non se corresponde con le genitales de un persona…

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, Spanish, English)

“Le personas con identitates sexual alternative sape que illes es differente al etate de tres o quatro annos. Illo es plus un intuition, un manco de commoditate con lo que occure circum illes. Illo es alique que es clar in le capite de un persona, ma que es terrificante e confuse simultaneemente.”

Istes es le parolas de Tamara Adrián, copresidente pro le America latin del Association International de Gays e Lesbianas, in su effortios pro essayar de explicar le sentimentos e le pressiones psychologic del gays, lesbianas, e transsexuales in lor lucta pro forgiar un maniera de viver comodemente in un societate de heterosexuales qui multe vices es hostile al diversitate human.

Le transsexuales ha problemas special. Pro le majoritate de illes, le adolescentia es le periodo clave in le construction de lor identitate psychologic, quando illes non pote evitar le realisation que le sexo biologic con le qual illes nasceva non reflecte le realitate de lor sentimentos.

Multes ex illes identifica le problema multo antea, al etate precoce de tres annos. “Quando tu es un infante, tu te comporta como tu sentimentos. Ma in le adolescentia quando tu comencia a maturar e relationar te con un quantitate plus grande de personas de tu etate e a rejectar le cambios que se produce in tu corpore, comencia un certe conflicto characterisate per le frustration, le tristessa, e un altere serie de problemas”, dicevaCristina Gimeno, secretario del organisation Transexualia in Espania.

Transexualia, explica Gimeno, es un organisation de defensa del minoritates con tres identitates de genero differente.

Le prime de iste gruppos es le transvestites, qui solmente necessita transvestir se e utilisar le vestimentos e le cosmeticos e le accessorios del altere sexo ma qui non vole submitter se a un processo chirurgic de reassignation de sexo. A vices illes se submitte a therapias hormonal. Isto pote esser un phase initial de ulle del altere duo conditiones.

Un gruppo intermedie es le transgeneros, qui se trova satisfacite con lor genitales ma qui se comporta de un forma assignate socialmente al sexo contrari. In le majoritate del casos illes ha besonio de therapias hormonal o de cirurgia esthetic.

Le transsexuales es personas qui non se senti commode de ulle maniera con lor sexo biologic. Illes cerca normalmente un intervention chirurgic de reassignation de genero.

Multe transsexuales suffre de rejection social extreme. Multe vices illes non termina le schola secundari proque lor corpores es effeminate. Sovente illes insiste fortemente in lor identitate sexual. Generalmente le scholas non les accipe proque lor professores insiste que lor comportamento social essera le cuasa de excitation sexual excessive inter altere studentes e seminara le chaos social e problemas de disciplina in le schola.

Sovente tal justificationes non es plus que le reflexion del prejudicio homophobic per personas qui non ha absolutemente ulle tolerantia pro le diversitate human. Le rejection del transsexuales per lor companiones e professores in le schola normalmente les condemna a travalios menial, o mesmo a un vita de marginalisation complete, que include le prostitution e le vita in le stratas.

Un del consequentias immediate de iste situation deplorabile es le carentia de structuras de appoio social e le abandonamento total, proque iste juvenes non ha locos a ubi vader ubi illes pote reciper appoio psychologic. Lor patres les rejecta, le scholas les rejecta, e illes confronta un vita in le stratas ubi le superviventia depende del sexo commercial. Illes forma un population con nivellos de instruction basse proque le cultura in le qual illes nasceva completemente les priva de opportunitates de travalio decente e le benesser psychologic.

Il es anque in le adolescentia quando illes comencia a automedicar se. Un altissime percentage del population transsexual, quasi su totalitate, se autoinjecta con hormonas, siliconas, o altere implantes sin ulle tipo de supervision medic.

“Tal personas in le momento de transition que se initia in le adolescentia es extrememente vulnerabile proque illes anque es detegibile e multo visibile”, dice Tamara Adrián, copresidente pro le America latin del International Gay Law Association.

Le consequentias de iste processo de reconstruction corporal in terminos de sanitate es tan alte que multe transsexuales mori a un etate assatis juvene.

Ben que on ha facite progresso in areas como le matrimonio gay in paises como Argentina, Uruguay, o Mexico, e, in le altere latere del Atlantico, in Portugal e Espania, le necessitates social de iste altere minoritates sexual e cultural ha essite quasi completemente oblidate.

Nonobstante, il ha habite alicun progresso. In alicun paises, como Uruguay, le gente pote viver secundo su identitate de genero preferite e pote cambiar iste identitate legalmente in lor documentos national de identification. Ma in le Argentina le cosas es differente. In despecto de que le argentinos ha legalisate le matrimonio inter homosexuales, solmente transsexuales que se submitte al chirurgia pote cambiar lor identitate sexual legal. E in le majoritate del paises del America latin, le personas cuje identitate sexual actual es differente del identitate registrate in lor certificatos de nascimento continua a esser victimas de omne tipo de ridiculo e rejection social.

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Cuando la identidad sexual no se corresponde con los genitales de una persona ...

“Las personas con identidades sexuales alternativas saben que son diferentes a la edad de tres o cuatro. Es más una intuición, de falta de comodidad con lo que ocurre a su alrededor. Es algo que está claro en la cabeza de una persona, pero que es a la vez aterrador y confuso.”

Éstas son las palabras de Tamara Adrián, copresidenta para América Latina de la Asociación Internacional de Gays y Lesbianas, en sus esfuerzos para tratar de explicar los sentimientos y las presiones psicológicas de los gays, lesbianas y transexuales en su lucha por forjar una manera de vivir cómodamente en una sociedad de heterosexuales que muchas veces son hostiles a la diversidad humana.

Los transexuales tienen problemas especiales. Para la mayoría de ellos, la adolescencia es el período clave en la construcción de su identidad psicológica, cuando no pueden dejar de darse cuenta de que el sexo biológico con el que nacieron no refleja la realidad de sus sentimientos.

Muchos de ellos identifican el problema mucho antes, a la temprana edad de tres años. “Cuando eres un niño te comportas tal y cómo te sientes. Pero en la adolescencia cuando empiezas a madurar y relacionarte con más personas de tu edad y a rechazar los cambios que se producen en tu cuerpo, comienza un cierto conflicto, caracterizado por la frustración, la tristeza y otra serie de problemas”, dijo Cristina Gimeno, secretaria de la organización Transexualia en España.

Transexualia, explica Gimeno, es una organización de defensa de las minorías con tres identidades de género diferentes.

El primero de estos grupos son los travestis, que sólo necesitan trasvertirse y utilizar las ropas, el maquillaje o la indumentaria del otro sexo pero que no quieren someterse a una operación de reasignación de sexo. A veces se someten a terapias hormonales. Esto puede ser un estadio inicial de cualquiera de las otras dos condiciones.

Un grupo intermedio son los transgéneros, que se encuentran a gusto con sus genitales pero que se comportan de una forma asignada socialmente al sexo contrario. En la mayoría de los casos requieren terapias hormonales o de cirugía estética.

Los transexuales son personas que no se sienten cómodos en cualquier forma con su sexo biológico. Ellos buscan normalmente una intervención quirúrgica de reasignación de género.

Muchos transexuales sufren de rechazo social extremo. Muchas veces no terminan la escuela secundaria porque sus cuerpos son afeminados. A menudo insisten fuertemente en su identidad sexual. Por lo general las escuelas no los aceptan porque sus profesores insisten en que su comportamiento social será la causa de excitación sexual excesiva entre otros estudiantes y sembrará el caos social y problemas de disciplina en la escuela.

A menudo, tales justificaciones no son más que el reflejo de los prejuicios homofóbicos por personas que no tienen absolutamente ninguna tolerancia para la diversidad humana. El rechazo de los transexuales por sus compañeros y maestros en la escuela normalmente los condena a trabajos de muy baja categoría, o incluso a una vida de marginación completa, que incluye la prostitución y la vida en las calles.

Una de las consecuencias inmediatas de esta situación deplorable es la carencia de estructuras de apoyo social y el abandono total, porque estos jóvenes no tienen a dónde ir para apoyarse psicológicamente. Sus padres y sus escuelas los rechazan y ellos se enfrentan a una vida en las calles donde la supervivencia depende del sexo comercial. Ellos forman una población con niveles educativos bajos porque la cultura en la que nacieron completamente los priva de oportunidades de trabajo decente y el bienestar psicológico.

Es en la adolescencia también cuando comienzan a automedicarse. Un altísimo porcentaje de la población transexual, casi su totalidad, se autoinyecta hormonas, siliconas u otros implantes sin ningún tipo de supervisión médica.

“Tales personas en el momento de transición que se inicia en la adolescencia son extremadamente vulnerables, porque también son detectables y muy visibles”, dice Tamara Adrián, copresidenta para América Latina de la International Lesbian and Gay Law Association.

Las consecuencias de este proceso de reconstrucción corporal en términos de salud es tan alto que muchos transexuales se mueren a una edad bastante joven.

Aunque se han logrado avances en áreas como el matrimonio gay en países como Argentina, Uruguay o México y, del otro lado del Atlántico, en Portugal y España, las necesidades sociales de estas otras minorías sexuales y culturales han sido casi completamente olvidadas.

Sin embargo, ha habido algunos progresos. En algunos países, como Uruguay, la gente puede vivir de acuerdo a su identidad de género preferido y puede cambiar esta identidad legalmente en sus documentos nacionales de identificación. Pero en la Argentina las cosas son diferentes. A pesar de que los argentinos han legalizado el matrimonio entre homosexuales, sólo transexuales que se someten a la cirugía pueden cambiar su identidad sexual legal. Y en la mayoría de los países de América Latina, las personas cuya identidad sexual actual es diferente de la identidad registrada en sus certificados de nacimiento siguen siendo víctimas de todo tipo de burlas y del rechazo social.

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When sexual identity does not correspond with a person’s genitals...

“People with alternative sexual identities know they are different at the age of three or four. It is more an intuition, a lack of comfort with what is happening around them. It is something that is clear in a person’s head but which is both frightening and confusing at the same time.”

These are the words of Tamara Adrian, Co-Chair for Latin America of the International Association of Gays and Lesbians, in her efforts to try to explain the feelings and the psychological pressures of gay, lesbian and transgender people in their struggle to forge a way of living comfortably in a heterosexual society that often is hostile to human diversity.

Transsexuals have special problems. For most of them, adolescence is the key period in the construction of their psychological identity when they cannot help realizing that the biological sex they were born into does not reflect the reality of their feelings.

Many of them identify the problem much earlier, at the age of three years. “When you’re a kid you behave exactly the way you feel. But in adolescence, when you start to mature and socialize with other people your age and to reject the changes that occur in your body, a certain conflict begins that is characterized by frustration, sadness and another set of problems,” said Cristina Gimeno, secretary of the organization Transexualia in Spain.

Transexualia, explains Gimeno, is an advocacy organization of minorities with three different gender identities.

The first of these groups are the transvestites, who only need to cross dress and use the clothes, makeup, and the accessories of the opposite sex but who do not want to submit to a sex reassignment operation. Sometimes they undergo hormone therapy. This may be an early stage of any one of of the other two conditions.

An intermediate group is transgendered people who are comfortable with their genitals but who behave in roles that are socially assigned to the opposite sex. In most cases they need hormonal therapy or cosmetic surgery.

Transsexuals are people who do not feel comfortable in any way with their biological sex. They typically seek gender-reassignment surgery.

Many transsexuals suffer from extreme social rejection. Often they do not finish secondary school because their bodies are effeminate. They often strongly insist on their sexual identity. Typically their schools will not accept them because their teachers insist that their social behavior will be the cause of excessive sexual excitement among other students and will create social disruption and discipline problems in the school.

Often such justifications are merely the reflection of homophobic prejudice by people who have absolutely no tolerance for human diversity. The rejection of transsexuals by their peers and teachers at school typically condemns them to extremely menial jobs or even to a life of complete marginalization that includes prostitution and life in the streets.

One of the immediate consequences of this deplorable situation is the lack of social support structures and total abandonment because these young people have nowhere to go where they can get psychological support. Their parents and schools reject them, and they are thrown into street life where survival depends on commercial sex. They form a population with low educational levels because the culture into which they were born completely deprives them of decent opportunities for work and psychological well being.

It is in adolescence when they begin to self-medicate. A high percentage of the transsexual population--almost all of it--inject themselves with hormones, silicone or other implants without any medical supervision.

“Such people at the time of transition that begins in adolescence are extremely vulnerable because they are also detectable and quite visible,” says Tamara Adrian, Co-Chair for Latin America of the International Lesbian and Gay Law Association.

The consequences of this process of body reconstruction in terms of health is so high that many transsexuals die at a rather young age.

Although progress has been made in areas like gay marriage in countries such as Argentina, Uruguay and Mexico and, on the other side of the Atlantic, in Portugal and Spain, the social needs of these other sexual and cultural minorities have been almost completely neglected.

Nevertheless, there has been some progress. Some countries, like Uruguay, now allow people to live according to the gender identity that they prefer and provides for these changes in their national identity papers. But in Argentina things are different. Even though the Argentines have legalized gay marriage, only transsexuals who undergo surgery can change their legal sexual identity. And in most countries of Latin America, people whose current sexual identity is different from the identity recorded on their birth certificates continue to be the victims of all kinds of ridicule and social rejection.

The literature of Interlingua sold by UMI and the usefulness of plagiarism to facilitate language learning and general communication

To put it charitably, it is dysfunctional for UMI or a single person in UMI to sit on all of its printed literature and make it available to people only by selling it. This material should be available to anyone in an easy electronic format completely without charge!

Fortunately, the literature that UMI sits on like this is becoming less and less important as more and more material on Interlingua becomes increasingly available on the Internet.

There are still many problems with this increasing availability, however. Often it is printed in formats that are not easily available to everyone. And often this material can be accessed only through establishing some sort of “membership” in a certain group and accessed through passwords that can be easily forgotten.

I myself am convinced that all of our literature should be immediately, freely, and easily available to everyone at absolutely no charge! That is why I have published "Interlingua multilingue" in a blog format.

I invite everyone to use it in their studies of Interlingua and its source languages, especially English, Spanish, and Portuguese.

In order to develop this material, I often start with some source text in one of the Romance source languages of Interlingua. I then translate it into English using Google's automatic translator.

After this, I use Google's translator as an editing tool as I find similar ways of expressing the content of these articles in the original Romance language and English.

Finally, I translate each article into Interlingua, at times editing the other versions of the article to make them conform as closely as practicable with one another. Doing this captures and strongly illustrates the structural core of all of these languages.

To do this, of course, I freely plagiarize. Plagiarizing from foreign-language texts helps insure their authenticity.

While plagiarizing is not academically respectable, I must emphasize that I am not writing academic papers in "Interlingua multilingue." Instead I am preparing materials that I hope will be useful to beginning-to-intermediate students of these languages.

Since I freely plagiarize from others, I invite others to freely plagiarize from the materials in "Interlingua multilingue" itself. Plagiarizing and reworking this material into other languages is an excellent way of studying them. As a useful pedagogical exercise, it deserves unqualified respectability!

It is important to note that before copyright laws were enacted, plagiarism was an accepted practice among authors, especially in the case of ancient texts. Plagiarizing is useful to writers because it enables them to avoid reinventing wheels when they incorporate text into their own writings that has already been edited into polished and readable form. As a way of making the communication process easier, it should not be condemned but accepted as a useful way of promoting effective communication.

Spoken languages themselves would be much less effective--or even impossible--if people could not “plagiarize” and reuse the expressions and even the clichés of other speakers. This is why the native speakers of all of our languages use core vocabulary and grammar over and over.

Recognizing this fact of linguistic life allows us to study language effectively using statistical techniques, as was done in the case of French, for example, in developing le français fondamentale!

Le importantia de vostre reputation online, e como reparar lo si illo es damnificate

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, Spanish, English)

Multe gente oblida, al minus occasionalmente, que in ultime instantia il non ha ulle information private in Internet, e in ille momentos tal personas, sin pensar, pote cargar informationes in Internet que pote embarassar les o facer que illes se senti vergonia. O le inimicos de un persona pote publicar information private, defamatori, o false in un varietate de sitos in Internet. A vices iste tipo de information ha causate suicidios, specialmente in le caso de adolescentes.

Un serie de incidentes con relationes a clientes insatisfacite, ex-socios vengiative, e episodios de ebrietate durante le annos universitari de un persona anque pote revelar se rapidemente al mundo con un cerca facile de Google.

In ultra, grave problemas pote esser causate per nove generationes de cameras de video que es multo parve e que pote trovar se in ulle loco, e il es possibile facer in secreto videos de personas in un amplie varietate de situationes intime, e alicun de iste videos ha essite publicate in Internet.

Un incidente specialmente tragic consiste de un video secrete de un homine juvene qui stava a haber relationes sexual con un altere homine juvene. Un de iste personas habeva tante vergonia a causa de iste incidente que ille se suicidava.

Le Rete, in altere parolas, pote continer videos del momentos le plus intime del vita de un persona, registros permanente de ulle cosa dicite sur ulle persona o ulle gruppo de personas o ulle organisation politic, social o commercial.

Ma nunc un nove generation de gerentes de reputation online promitte mundar vostre referentias in le web. Illes es le consultores de relationes public del seculo XXI. Lor travalio es dar forma al imagine de un persona o compania in Internet promovente lo que es positive e interrante lo que es negative per le creation e le provision de information, a vices ver, a vices false, que munda e poli le reputation de un persona o organisation.

Un de iste nove companias specialisate in le dismaculation del profilo in linea de un persona es Reputation Defender.

“Hodie, cata transaction del vita, includente le plus trivial, pote esser revelate per un motor de cercas”, dice Michael Rertik, le director executive de Reputation Defender. Su clientes generalmente es companias que vole assecurar se de que potential clientes obtine un bon prime impression quando alicuno realisa un cerca de illos in Internet.

Suw Charman Anderson, qui travalia como un consultor professional del medios electronic, accepta que le information sur un persona o organisation in Internet pote haber un grande impacto. “Il non es importante si un cerca in Internet es sur un compania o individuo. Nemo inter nos pote dar nos le luxo de ignorar nostre reputation in linea.”

“Multe vices, nostre clientes vole usar nostre servicios quando un competitor ha publicate un reporto negative in Internet sur illes pro essayar a damnificar lor firma”, dice Mike Hughes, de Reputation Management Partners.

Ma non omnes se trova de accordo con le manipulation del information disponibile in le cyberspatio. Le criticos assecura que le practica es pauco ethic e a vices profundemente dishoneste.

“A vices un compania ha recipite mal criticas que illo merita”, diceva Suw Charman-Anderson. “Si illo es le caso, il esserea melior que le companias dispende lor tempore e moneta in confrontar le planctos.”

Mike Hughes, del compania Reputation Management Partners, insiste que su compania realisa controlos previe de su clientes. “Si un possibile cliente mie es un compania con pauc ethica”, dice ille, “tunc io non vole travaliar con ille, ma multe vices nostre clientes veni a nos quando un competitor ha publicate un reporto negative sur illes in un effortio pro damnificar su casa de commercio.”

Le tarifas de iste compania vade desde US$100 per mense pro un cliente private o un parve compania usque US$250.000 pro un grande corporation. In le caso de altere firmas, illos oscila, dependente del complexitate del caso, inter US$10.000 e US$30.000.

Normalmente, sex menses es necesse pro mundar le historia online de un cliente.

Le travalio del companias es assecurar que le resultatos negative non appare in le prime pagina de un cercator proque studios monstra que le 90% del usuarios non vade al paginas sequente.

Ma il non ha garantias: le expertos avisa que omnes, sia personas, sia companias, prende un attitude proactive. E in loco de seder se e sperar que alteres da forma a vostre reputation online, illos recommenda prender le initiativa e monstrar vostre melior facie in le web.

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La importancia de su reputación online, y cómo repararlo si está dañada

Mucha gente se olvida, por lo menos de vez en cuando, que en última instancia, no hay ninguna información privada en Internet, y en esos momentos tales personas, sin pensar, pueden cargar informaciones en Internet que puedan avergonzarlas o hacer que se sientan avergonzados. O los enemigos de una persona pueden publicar información privada, difamatoria o falsa o en una variedad de sitios en Internet. De vez en cuando este tipo de información ha dado lugar a suicidios, especialmente en el caso de los adolescentes.

Una serie de incidentes relacionados con clientes insatisfechos, ex-socios vengativos y episodios de embriaguez durante los años universitarios de una persona también pueden revelarse rápidamente al mundo con una búsqueda fácil de Google.

Además, graves problemas pueden ser causados por nuevas generaciones de cámaras de vídeo que son muy pequeñas y que pueden encontrarse en cualquier lugar, y es posible hacer en secreto videos de personas en una amplia variedad de situaciones íntimas, y algunos de estos videos han sido publicados en Internet.

Un incidente especialmente trágico consiste en un vídeo secreto de un joven que estaba teniendo relaciones sexuales con otro joven. Una de estas personas era tan avergonzada a causa de este incidente que se suicidó.

La Internet, en otras palabras, puede contener videos de los momentos más íntimos de la vida de una persona, registros permanentes de cualquier cosa dicha sobre cualquier persona o cualquier grupo de personas o cualquier organización política, social o comercial.

Pero ahora una nueva generación de gerentes de reputación online prometen limpiar sus referencias en la web. Son los consultores de relaciones públicas del siglo XXI. Su trabajo es dar forma a la imagen de una persona o compañía en internet promoviendo lo positivo y enterrando lo negativo mediante la creación y el suministro de información, a veces verdadera, a veces falsa, que limpia y pule la reputación de una persona u organización.

Una de esas nuevas empresas especializadas en la limpieza del perfil en línea de una persona es Reputation Defender.

“Hoy en día, todas las transacciones de la vida, incluso las más triviales, pueden ser reveladas por un motor de búsqueda”, dice Michael Fertik, director ejecutivo de Reputation Defender. Sus clientes suelen ser firmas que quieren asegurarse que potenciales clientes obtengan una buena primera impresión cuando alguien realiza una búsqueda de ellos en Internet.

Suw Charman-Anderson, que trabaja como un consultor profesional de los medios electrónicos, acepta que la información sobre una persona u organización en Internet puede tener un gran impacto. “No es importante si una búsqueda en Internet se trata de una compañía o individuo. Ninguno de nosotros podemos darnos el lujo de ignorar nuestra reputación en línea.”

“Muchas veces nuestros clientes quieren usar nuestros servicios cuando un competidor ha publicado un informe negativo en internet sobre ellos para tratar de dañar su negocio”, dice Mike Hughes, de Reputation Management Partners.

Pero no todos están de acuerdo con la manipulación de la información disponible en el ciberespacio. Los críticos aseguran que la práctica es poco ética y a veces profundamente deshonesta.

“A veces una empresa ha recibido malas críticas y se las merece”, dijo Suw Charman-Anderson. “Si ese es el caso, sería mejor que las compañías gastaran su tiempo y dinero en hacer frente a las quejas.”

Mike Hughes, de la compañía Reputation Management Partners, insiste en que en la firma se realicen controles previos a los clientes. “Si un posible cliente mío es una empresa con poca ética”, dice, “entonces no quiero trabajar con ellos, pero muchas veces los clientes vienen a nosotros cuando un competidor ha publicado un informe negativo en internet sobre ellos para tratar de dañar su negocio.”

Las tarifas de esta compañía van desde los US$100 por mes para un cliente privado o una pequeña compañía hasta US$250.000 para una gran corporación. En el caso de otras firmas, las tarifas oscilan, dependiendo de la complejidad del caso, entre US$10.000 y US$30.000.

Normalmente se necesitan seis meses para limpiar el historial online de un cliente.

El trabajo de las compañías es hacer que los resultados negativos no aparezcan en la primera página de un buscador pues estudios muestran que el 90% de los usuarios no llegan a páginas siguientes.

Pero no hay garantías: los expertos aconsejan que las personas y las compañías tomen una actitud proactiva. Y en lugar de sentarse y esperar a que otros den forma a su reputación online, recomiendan tomar la iniciativa y mostrar su mejor cara en la web.

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The Importance of your Online Reputation, and how to repair it if it is damaged

Many people forget, at least occasionally, that ultimately there is no private information on the Internet, and at times such people thoughtlessly upload information on the Internet that can embarrass them or make them feel ashamed. Or a person’s enemies can publish private, defamatory, or mendacious information in a variety of places on the Internet. Occasionally this kind of information has led to suicides, especially in the case of teenagers.

A series of incidents related to dissatisfied customers, vengeful ex-partners, and episodes of drunkenness during a person’s college years can also be quickly revealed to the world with an easy Google search.

Also, serious problems can be caused by newer generations of video cameras that are incredibly small and that can be found anywhere, and it is possible to secretly make videos of people in a wide variety of intimate situations, and some of these videos have been published on the Internet.

An especially tragic incident involves a secret video of a young man who was having sex with another young man. One of these people was so ashamed because of this incident that he committed suicide.

The Internet, in other words, can contain videos of the most intimate moments of a person’s life, permanent records of anything said about any single person or any group of people or any political, social, or commercial organization.

But now a new generation of online reputation managers promises to clean up your references on the web. They are the public-relations consultants of the twenty-first century. Their job is to shape the image of a person or company on the Internet by promoting the positive and burying the negative by creating information, at times true, at other times false, that cleans up and polishes the reputation of a person or organization.

One of these new companies specializing in cleaning up a person’s online profile is Reputation Defender.

“Today, every transaction of life, including the most trivial ones, can be revealed by a search engine,” says Michael Fertik, CEO of Reputation Defender. His clients are usually firms that want to insure that potential customers receive a good first impression when someone searches for them on the Internet.

Suw Charman-Anderson, who works as a professional electronic-media consultant, agrees that information about a person or organization on the Internet can have a big impact. “It is not important if an internet search is about a company or individual. None of us can afford to ignore our online reputations.”

“Many times clients come to us when a competitor has issued a negative report on the Internet about them in an effort to damage their business,” says Mike Hughes, of Reputation Management Partners.

But not everyone is in agreement about the manipulation of information available in cyberspace. Critics say the practice is unethical and at times profoundly dishonest.

“Sometimes a company has gotten bad reviews that it deserves," said Suw Charman-Anderson. “If that is the case, companies would be better off spending their time and money on dealing with complaints.”

Mike Hughes, Company Reputation Management Partners, insists that his company carry out checks on its customers. “If a a possible client of mine is an unethical company,” he says, “then I don’t want to work with them, but many times clients come to us when a competitor has issued a negative report on the internet about them to try to damage their business.”

This company’s fees range from $100 per month for a private client or a small company up to $250,000 for a large corporation. In the case of other firms, the rates vary, depending on the complexity of the case, from $10.000 to $30,000.

Normally it takes six months to clean up a client’s online history.

The work of the companies is to make sure the negative results do not appear on the first page of a search engine because studies show that 90% of users do not go to the following pages.

But there are no guarantees: experts advise that individuals and companies take a proactive attitude. And rather than sitting and waiting for others to shape their online reputations, they recommend taking the initiative and showing your best face on the web.

Multe touristas mori a causa de accidentes de traffico durante que illes se trova in paises foranee.

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, Spanish, English)

Le touristas qui viagia foras de lor paises de origine sovente es victimas de accidentes de traffico a causa de inattention o un falta de cognoscimento sur como le patronos de traffico pote differer de un cultura a un altere.

Secundo le compania Carreteras Seguras (Stratas Secur), le mortes de viagiatores in le stratas de multe paises pote duplicar se in le proxime dece annos e triplicar se in 2030, si le taxa de mortes de traffico seque su patronos de augmentation secundo le rhythmo actual.

Annualmente mori unes 25.000 personas a causa de accidentes de traffico.

Un studio de Carreteras Seguras nota que multe paises con un risco medie o alte in le classification de securitate de lor stratas es anque destinos touristic popular.

E le touristas constitue un gruppo vulnerabile a causa del differentias cultural in le patronos de traffico in paises differente e anque proque illes pote prender riscos in paises foranee que illes non prenderea in lor proprie paises, como prender in location motocyclettas sin un casco.

Le promotores del compania Carreteras Seguras (Stratas Secur) vole que le agentes de viage demanda diverse melioriamentos como le exigentia que omne le taxis ha cincturas de securitate e guidatores qualificate e competente.

Diariemente unes 3.500 personas perde le vita in le stratas de omne le planeta; e de istes, 3.000 vive in le paises le plus povre.

A un nivello personal, le usuarios le plus afficite, por mortes o lesiones, anque es le plus vulnerabile: pedones, cyclistas, o passageros de vehiculos de duo rotas.

Secundo statisticas del Organisation Mundial del Sanitate, Ecuador es le pais del America latin con le plus grande taxa de accidentes de traffico mortal pro cata 10.000 vehiculos registrate.

Le paises le plus periculose se trova principalmente in Africa e le sudest asiatic. E inter le prime 11 se trova tres paises del America latin: Ecuador, El Salvador, e Bolivia.

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Muchos turistas mueren por accidentes de tránsito mientras se encuentran en países extranjeros.

Los turistas que viajan fuera de sus países de origen a menudo son víctimas de accidentes de tránsito debido a un descuido o una falta de conocimiento acerca de cómo los patrones de tránsito pueden diferir de una cultura a otra.

Según la campañía Carreteras Seguras, los fallecimientos de los viajeros en las carreteras de muchos países podrían duplicarse en los próximos diez años y triplicarse en 2030, si la tasa de muertes de tránsito sigue aumentando al ritmo actual.

Anualmente mueren unas 25.000 personas a causa de accidentes de tránsito.

Un estudio de Carreteras Seguras señala que muchos países con un riesgo medio o alto en la clasificación de seguridad vial son también destinos turísticos populares.

Y los turistas constituyen un grupo vulnerable por las diferencias culturales en los patrones de tránsito en los países diferentes y también porque pueden tomar riesgos en el extranjero que no tomarían en sus países, como alquilar motocicletas sin un casco.

Los promotores de la campaña Carreteras Seguras quieren que los agentes de viaje demanden varias mejoras tales como la exigencia de que todos los taxis cuenten con cinturones de seguridad y conductores calificados y competentes.

Diariamente unas 3.500 personas pierden la vida en las carreteras de todo el planeta; y de éstas, 3.000 viven en los países más pobres.

A nivel personal los usuarios más afectados, por muertes o lesiones, también son los más vulnerables: peatones, ciclistas o pasajeros de vehículos de dos ruedas.

Según las estadísticas de la Organización Mundial de la Salud, Ecuador es el país de América Latina con la mayor tasa de accidentes de tránsito mortales por cada 10.000 vehículos registrados.

Los países más peligrosos, en su mayor parte, están en África y el sudeste asiático. Y entre los primeros 11 son tres países de América Latina: Ecuador, El Salvador y Bolivia.

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Many tourists die from traffic accidents while they are in foreign countries.

Tourists who travel outside their native countries often fall victim to traffic accidents because of carelessness or a lack of knowledge about how traffic patterns can differ from culture to culture.

According to the Carreteras Seguras (Safe Roads) company, passenger deaths on roads in many countries could double in the next ten years and triple by 2030, if the rate of traffic deaths continues to increase at current rates.

About 25,000 people die annually in because of traffic accidents.

A Carreteras Seguras study notes that many countries with medium- or high-risk road-safety classifications are also popular tourist destinations.

And tourists are a vulnerable group because of cultural differences in traffic patterns in various countries and also because they can take risks abroad that they would not take at home, such as renting motorcycles without a helmet.

The promoters of “Carreteras Seguras” want travel agents to demand various improvements such as the requirement that all taxis have seat belts and qualified and competent drivers.

Every day about 3,500 people lose their lives on roads throughout the world; and of these, 3,000 live in the poorest countries.

On a personal level users most affected, because of death or injury, are also the most vulnerable pedestrians, cyclists and passengers of two-wheeled vehicles.

According to statistics from the World Health Organization, Ecuador is the Latin American country with the highest rate of fatal traffic accidents per 10,000 registered vehicles.

The most dangerous countries are for the most part in Africa and Southeast Asia. And among the top 11 are three Latin American countries: Ecuador, El Salvador, and Bolivia.