Quales essera le effectos de Copenhagen sur le America latin?

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, Spanish, English)

In le America latin, il ha habite duo reactiones general al accordo de Copenhagen. Alicun personas dice que illo esseva un disastro total. Altere personas es plus optimiste. Illes spera que con le tempore se producera un accordo legal utile sur le cambio climatic.

Desde un puncto de vista general, le majoritate del paises del America latin, con le exception del Brasil, se trova inter le pessimistas.

Ma quales essera le consequentias que pote fluer del Accordo pro le America latin?

Le scientistas del Nationes Unite se trova ampliemente de accordo in que, pro evitar un cambio climatic serie, le augmentation del temperatura medie del atmosphera deberea limitar se a duo grados Celsius sur le nivellos del epocha pre-industrial.

Le texto del Accordo recognosce iste necessitate. Ma le duo grados non es un objectivo formal. Le documento solmente dice que le gruppo que lo signava “recognosce le puncto de vista scientific”, secundo le qual le augmentation del temperatura deberea mantener se sub ille figura.

Le America latin es solmente responsabile pro 12% del emissiones mundial de gases de calefaction, ma illo es specialmente vulnerabile al calefaction global.

Le paises que se trova presso le fluvio Amazon (Ecuador, Perú, Bolivia, Colombia e le Brasil) poterea suffrer le consequentias del deterioration del fluvio, como le degradation del foreste.

Le statos que possede in commun le Andes como Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, o Bolivia suffrera le calefaction del Andes.

In le region del Caribbean in particular, le parve insulas e le zonas costal se videra afficite per le elevation del nivello del mar e le destruction del corales e le ecosystemas que illos alberga.

Multes del paises in le corridor in le America Central (Honduras, Nicaragua, Belize, Mexico) se trovara exponite al intensification de phenomenos meteorologic extreme.

Le fundos pro le adaptation al cambio climatic se destinara de maniera prioritari al paises in disveloppamento le plus vulnerable e al minus disveloppate, como le statos insulares povre e Africa.

Il habera moneta pro adjuvar le paises povre del mundo pro adaptarse al cambio climatic. Le major parte del America latin, nonobstante, sta formate per paises de rentas medie, con le possibile exception de Bolivia e le America Central.

Le tractato anque non specifica ulle mechanismo pro delivrar le moneta e non da ulle indication del organisationes que habera le carga de administrar le programmas pro delivrar lo e le criterios utilisate pro le administration de iste programmas. A causa de iste considerationes, multe personas time que iste moneta non va a haber ulle effecto utile.

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En América Latina, ha habido dos reacciones generales al acuerdo de Copenhague. Algunas personas dicen que fue un desastre total. Otras personas son más optimistas. Ellos esperan que con el tiempo se producirá un acuerdo legal útil sobre el cambio climático.

Desde un punto de vista general, la mayoría de los países de América Latina, con la excepción de Brasil, se encuentran entre los pesimistas.

Pero, ¿qué consecuencias pueden desprenderse del Acuerdo para América Latina?

Los científicos de Naciones Unidas están ampliamente de acuerdo en que, para evitar un cambio climático serio, el aumento de la temperatura media de la atmósfera debería limitarse a dos grados Celsius sobre los niveles de la era pre-industrial.

El texto del Acuerdo reconoce esta necesidad. Pero los dos grados no son un objetivo formal. El documento sólo dice que el grupo que lo firma "reconoce el punto de vista científico", según el cual el aumento de la temperatura debería mantenerse por debajo de esa cifra.

América Latina sólo es responsable del 12% de las emisiones mundiales de gases invernadero, pero es especialmente vulnerable al calentamiento global.

Los países que están cerca del río Amazonas (Ecuador, Perú, Bolivia, Colombia y Brasil) podrían sufrir las consecuencias del deterioro del río, como la degradación de los bosques.

Los estados que comparten los Andes, como Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Perú o Bolivia padecerán el calentamiento de la cordillera.

En la región del Caribe en particular, las pequeñas islas y zonas costeras se verán afectadas por la subida del nivel del mar y la destrucción de los corales y el ecosistema que albergan.

Muchos de los países en el corredor de los huracanes de América Central (Honduras, Nicaragua, Belice, México) quedarán expuestos a la intensificación de fenómenos meteorológicos extremos.

Los fondos para la adaptación al cambio climático se destinarán de manera prioritaria a los países en desarrollo más vulnerables y a los menos desarrollados, como los estados insulares pobres y África.

Habrá dinero para ayudar a los países pobres del mundo para adaptarse al cambio climático. La mayor parte de América Latina, sin embargo, está formada por países de medianos ingresos, con la posible excepción de Bolivia y América Central.

Asimismo, el tratado no especifica ningún mecanismo para entregar el dinero y no da ninguna indicación de las organizaciones que tendrán la tarea de administrar los programas de entrega y los criterios utilizados para la administración de estos programas. Debido a estas consideraciones, muchas personas temen que este dinero no vaya a tener ningún efecto útil.

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In Latin America, there have been two general reactions to the Copenhagen agreement. Some people say that it was a total disaster. Other people are more optimistic. They hope that in time it will produce a useful legal agreement on climate change.

From a general standpoint, most of the countries of Latin America, with the exception of Brazil, are among the pessimists.

But what consequences might flow from the agreement for Latin America?

UN Scientists widely agree that to avoid serious climate change, the average temperature of the atmosphere should be limited to two degrees Celsius over the levels of the pre-industrial era.

The text of the agreement recognizes this need. But the two grades are not a formal target. The document only says that the group signing it "recognizes the scientific point of view" according to which the temperature rise should be kept below that figure.

Latin America accounts for only 12% of global emissions of greenhouse gases but is particularly vulnerable to global warming of two degrees.

The countries that are near the Amazon River (Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Colombia and Brazil) could suffer consequences from the deterioration of the river, such as forest degradation.

The states that share the Andes, like Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia will suffer from the warming of the Andes.

In the Caribbean region in particular, small islands and coastal areas will be affected by rising sea levels and the destruction of coral and the ecosystem that they shelter.

Many countries in the hurricane corridor in Central America (Honduras, Nicaragua, Belize, Mexico) will be exposed to the intensification of extreme weather events.

The funding for climate change adaptation will be allocated on a priority basis to the most vulnerable developing and least developed countries and poor island states and Africa.

There will be money to help the poor countries of the world to adapt to climate change. Most of Latin America, however, is made up of middle-income countries, with the possible exception of Bolivia and Central America.

The treaty also does not specify any mechanisms for delivering the money and does not give any indication of the organizations that will be given the task of administering the delivery programs and the criteria used for administering these programs. Because of these considerations, many people fear that this money is not going to have any useful effects.

Copenhagen resultava solmente in un littera de intention”. Admitte le ONU.

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, Portuguese, English)

Le reunion sur le cambio climatic del Nationes Unite in Copenhagen resultava in un “littera de intention”, secundo le secretario executive del reunion, Yvo de Boer.

“Nos nunc ha un pachetto pro travaliar, e nos nunc debe comenciar a ager immediatemente pro arrivar a objectivos precise pro limitar le liberation de CO2 in nostre atmosphera”, dice de Boer. “Il debe esser clar que lo que nos ha producite in Copenhagen es un littera de intention que non es precise sur lo que nos debe facer legalmente. Le problema nunc es transformar le accordos al quales nos arrivava in Copenhagen a alique real, mensurabile, e verificabile.”

Le “Accordo de Copenhagen” esseva approbate sabato con reluctantia e sin unanimitate, como exige le procedimentos del Nationes Unite, proque le accordo non previde ulle reduction de emissiones de gases que causa le calefaction global.

Le documento, nonobstante, establi un fundo de emergentia de US$30 billiones pro adjuvar paises povre a combatter le calefaction global, e anque moneta extra in le valor de $100 billiones que es destinate a durar usque 2020.

Iste accordo esseva le resultato de negotiationes inter le Statos Unite e le nationes BASIC (Brasil, Africa del Sud, India, e China) e non esseva acceptate per le representantes de diverse nationes como Sudan, Bolivia, Venezuela, e Nicaragua; e ambientalistas classifica le accordo como un fracasso.

Ma le secretario general del Nationes Unite, Ban Ki-moon, diceva que le accordo esseva “un comenciamento importante”. Ban anque diceva que le accordo debe esser transformate in un tractato con status legal in le anno sequente.

Sin un accordo definitive pro combatter le cambios del clima del planeta, essera necesse nove negotiationes in 2010 de maniera que un nove strategia global pote esser negotiate.

Le accordo de Copenhagen attingeva su forma final le venerdi inter le presidente american, Barack Obama, e le presidentes de China, Brasil, India, e Africa del Sud, post un reunion de plus que due horas.

Nationes minor, includente Sudan, Tuvalu, e Nicaragua, que es particularmente menaciate per le calefaction global, manifestava disaccordo amar con le accordo de Copenhagen. Illes vide un menaccia a lor existentia per le nationes major que redigeva le contracto.

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Copenhague resultou apenas em “carta de intenções” admite ONU.

A reunião sobre mudança climática das Nações Unidas em Copenhague resultou em uma “carta de intenções”, de acordo com o secretário-executivo do encontro, Yvo de Boer.

“Agora temos um pacote para trabalhar, e agora devemos começar a agir imediatamente para chegar a objetivos precisos para limitar a liberação de CO2 na nossa atmósfera”, disse de Boer. “Deve ficar claro que o que temos produzido em Copenhague é uma carta de intenções que não é preciso sobre o que devemos fazer legalmente. O desafio agora é transformar o que concordamos em Copenhague em algo real, mensurável e verificável.”

O “Acordo de Copenhague” foi aprovado no sábado com relutância e sem unanimidade, como exige o procedimento das Nações Unidas, porque o acordo não prevê qualquer redução de emissões de gases que causam o aquecimento global.

O documento, no entanto, estabelece um fundo de emergência de US $30 bilhões para ajudar países pobres a combater o aquecimento global, além de dinheiro extra no valor de $100 bilhões que está destinado a durar até 2020.

Este acordo foi o resultado de negociações entre os Estados Unidos e as nações BASIC (Brasil, África do Sul, Índia e China) e não foi aceito pelos representantes de várias nações como o Sudão, a Bolívia, Venezuela e Nicarágua; e ambientalistas classificam o acordo como um fracasso.

Mas o secretário-geral das Nações Unidas, Ban Ki-moon, disse que o acordo foi “um começo importante”. Ban também disse que o acordo precisa ser transformado em um tratado com status legal no ano seguinte.

Sem um acordo definitivo para combater a mudança do clima no planeta, serão necessárias novas negociações em 2010 para que uma nova estratégia global possa ser negotiate.

O Acordo de Copenhague alcançou sua forma final sexta-feira, entre o presidente americano, Barack Obama, e os presidentes de China, Brasil, Índia e África do Sul, depois de uma reunião de mais de duas horas.

Nações menores, incluindo o Sudão, Tuvalu e Nicarágua, que são particularmente ameaçadas pelo aquecimento global, manifestaram desacordo amargo com o acordo de Copenhague. Eles vêm uma ameaça à sua existência pelas nações maiores, que redigiram o contrato.

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Copenhagen resulted only in a “letter of intent” the UN admits.

The meeting on climate change United Nations in Copenhagen, resulted in a “letter of intent,” according to the executive secretary of the meeting, Yvo de Boer.

“Now we have a package to work with and we now must begin to act immediately to arrive at precise goals to limit the release of CO2 into our atmosphere,” said de Boer. “It must be clear that what we have produced in Copenhagen is a letter of intent that is not precise about what we must do legally. The challenge now is to transform what we agreed to in Copenhagen into something real, measurable and verifiable.”

The “Copenhagen Agreement” was reluctantly approved on Saturday without unanimity, as required by U.N. procedure, because the agreement does not foresee any reduction in emissions of gases that cause global warming.

The document, however, establishes an emergency fund of $30 billion to help poor countries combat global warming, in addition to extra money amounting to $100 billion that is destined to last until 2020.

This agreement was the result of negotiations between the United states and the BASIC nations (Brazil, South Africa, India, and China) and was not accepted by representatives of various nations such as Sudan, Bolivia, Venezuela, and Nicaragua, and environmentalists classified the agreement as a failure

But the secretary-general of the United Nations, Ban Ki-moon, said that the agreement was “an important start.” Ban also said, however, that next year the agreement needs to be transformed into a treaty with legal status.

Without a definitive agreement to combat climate change on the planet, new negotiations will be needed in 2010 so that a new global strategy can be negotiated.

The Copenhagen agreement reached its final form on Friday between U.S. President Barack Obama and the presidents of China, Brazil, India and South Africa, after a meeting of more than two hours.

Smaller nations, including Sudan, Tuvalu, and Nicaragua, which are especially threatened by global warming, expressed bitter disagreement with the Copenhagen agreement. They see a threat to their very existence by the larger nations that drafted the agreement.

Duke Ellington

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, English)

Edward Kennedy Ellington nasceva le 29 de april, 1899, in Washington, D.C. Su familia viveva in le area afroamerican del citate in un epocha characterisate per le segregation raciste legal in multe partes del Statos Unite, e le odio racial contra afroamericanos affligeva Ellington per omne su vita.

Ellington amava vestimentos elegante. Un amico un vice diceva a ille, “Tu ha le apparentia de un duc”. Su altere amicos rideva al audir isto, ma le nomine Duke remaneva con ille omne su vita.

Quando ille habeva septe annos, Duke Ellington comenciava a sonar le piano. Quando ille esseva un studente de schola secondari, ille comenciava a pinger, e ille deveniva un talento extraordinari como pictor e pianista.

Un schola de arte famose in New York City le invitava a studiar illac. Ma ille jam habeva decidite a devenir un musico. Ille obteneva su prime empleo professional como musico al etate de dece e sex. Ille sonava musica le noctes e pingeva insignias commercial durante le dies.

Le musica le plus popular in ille epocha esseva ragtime. Duke ascoltava pianistas ragtime qui visitava Washington. Ille tunc essayava a tocar tan ben o melio que illes. Unes annos plus tarde, ille registrava un composition ragtime que monstrava su talentos considerabile como pianista. Su titulo esseva “Lots o’ Fingers” (multissime digitos).

Duke Ellington vadeva a viver in New York City in 1923. Ille habeva un parve banda. Tosto ille e su banda travaliava al famose Cotton Club, ubi illo remanerea pro un periodo de multe annos. Duke e su banda poteva travaliar al Cotton Club, ma illes non poteva viagiar pro audir altere bandas proque illes esseva afroamericanos.

Duke non deveniva irate. Ille non comenciava a odiar gente blanc. Ille lassava que su musica exprimeva su sentimentos.

Con le tempore le banda de Ellington deveniva plus grande. Crescente numeros de personas comenciava a audir su musica, que esseva transmittite per radio del Cotton Club. On poteva audir iste programma in omne le partes del Statos Unite.

Al mesme tempore, Duke Ellington e le membros de su orchestra comenciava a facer registrationes de lor musica. Lor prime “hit”, “Dreamy Blues” esseva registrate in octobre, 1930. Plus tarde, Ellington cambiava su titulo a “Mood Indigo”. Illo es un del plus famose de su compositiones, e totevia on sovente lo audi. (Il es possibile audir diverse versiones de “Mood Indigo” in YouTube. Mi version predilecte es illo de Doris Day. Le claritate de expression in su voce es vermente extraordinari.)

Un orchestra es un equipa de musicos individual, e illes debe cooperar muy attentemente pro producer musica belle. Le duce de un orchestra debe apprender le partes forte de debile del habilitates de su musicos. E un bon duce usara tal cognoscimentos pro producer le melior resultatos possibile quando su equipa face su travalio.

In le decadas del annos 1920 e 1930 le membros de un orchestra de dansa generalmente nunquam remaneva multe tempore con un sol gruppo. Ma quando musicos se affiliava con le orchestra de Duke Ellington, illes generalmente remaneva illac multe tempore, a vices per un periodo de annos, proque Duke les custodiava multo ben e como musicos e como personas.

Isto habeva un effecto excellente sur le musica del gruppo. Duke componeva musica dedicate specialmente al talentos de su musicos individual, ganiante assi le loyalitate de omne illes. Un exemplo extraordinari es le composition “A Concerto for Cootie”, que Ellington componeva specialmente pro su trompettero Cootie Williams, qui esseva un membro de su orchestra pro multe annos.

Le orchestra de Duke Ellington esseva como un machina exceptionalmente ben lubricate, e ille poteva inspirar su membros a producer musica con bellissime colores musical. Le musica de su orchestra poteva inspirar profunde emotiones in le personas qui lo audiva, sia de felicitate, de tristitia, de solitude o de joia.

Alicun membros de su orchestra esseva le melior musicos de jazz de lor epocha. Lor musica etiam nunc es famosissime. Ben que multe orchestras de jazz moderne essaya a duplicar le gamma de colores sonor e emotional de Duke Ellington e su equipa de musicos, il es multo difficile reproducer lo que Ellington e su musicos poteva facer con un facilitate quasi miraculose.

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Edward Kennedy Ellington was born on April 29, 1899 in Washington, D.C. His family lived in the African American area of the city in an era characterized by legal racial segregation in many parts of the United States, and racial hatred against African Americans afflicted Ellington for his entire life.

Ellington loved elegant clothes. A friend once said to him, “You look like a duke.” His other friends laughed on hearing this, but the name Duke remained with him his entire life.

When he was seven years old, Duke Ellington started to play the piano. When he was a high-school student, he started to paint, and he became an extraordinary talent as a painter and pianist.

A famous school of art in New York City invited him to study there. But he already had decided to become a musician. He got his first professional job playing music at age sixteen. He played music at night and painted commercial signs during the day.

The most popular music in that era was ragtime. Duke listened to ragtime pianists who visited Washington. He then tried to play as well as they did. A few years later, he recorded a ragtime composition that showcased his considerable talent as a pianist. Its title was “Lots o’ Fingers.”

Duke Ellington went to live in New York City in 1923. He had a small band. Soon he and his band worked at the famous Cotton Club, where it would remain for a period of many years. Duke and his band could work at the Cotton Club, but they could not travel to hear other bands because they were African Americans.

Duke did not get angry. He did not start to hate white people. He let his music express his feelings.

In time Ellington’s band got larger. Growing numbers of people started to hear his music, which was transmitted by radio from the Cotton Club. This program could be heard everywhere in the United States.

At the same time, Duke Ellington and the members of his orchestra started to make recordings of their music. Their first hit, “Dreamy Blues” was recorded in October, 1930. Later on, Ellington changed its title to “Mood Indigo.” It is one of the most famous of his compositions, and it is still often heard. (It is possible to hear various versions of Mood Indigo” on YouTube. My favorite one is Doris Day’s. The clarity of expression in her voice is quite extraordinary.)

An orchestra is a team of individual musicans, and they have to co-operate very carefully to produce beautiful music. The leader of an orchestra must learn the strong and weak points of his musicians’ skills. And a good leader will use such knowledge to produce the best possible results when his team does its work.

In the 1920s and 1930s, the members of a dance orchestra generally never remained with a single group for all that much time. But when musicians joined Duke Ellington’s orchestra, they generally stayed put a long time, at times for a period of years, because Duke took very good care of them both as musicians and as people.

This had an excellent effect on the group’s music. Duke composed music dedicated especially to the talents of his individual musicians, earning in this way the loyalty of all of them. An extraordinary example is the composition “A Concerto for Cootie,” which Ellington composed especially for his trumpeter Cootie Williams, who was a member of his orchestra for many years.

Duke Ellington’s orchestra was like an exceptionally well-lubricated machine, and he could inspire its members to produce music with very beautiful colors in sound. The music of his orchestra could inspire profound emotions in the people who heard it, whether of happiness, sadness, loneliness, or joy.

Some members of his orchestra were the best jazz musicians of their era. Their music is very famous even now. Though many modern jazz orchestras try to duplicate the range of musical and emotional color of Duke Ellington and his team of musicians, it is very difficult to reproduce what Ellington and his musicians could do with an almost miraculous ease.

Obama ha demandate un consenso inter le participantes in le conferentia de Copenhagen.

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, French, English)

Le presidente Barack Obama, con le leaders de 100 alter paises, faceva un viage a Copenhagen pro le session final del conferentia sur le calefaction climatic. Durante que le negotiationes vadeva verso lor fin, nulle nove proposition de compromisso esseva apparente, e nunc le discussiones ha principalmente un orientation verso un ingagiamento politic in negotiones in le futuro.

Le presidente Obama ha demandate que le participantes disaccentua lor divergentias e arriva a un accordo pro un plano de action. “Post menses de discurso, post duo septimanas de negotiation, post inumerabile reuniones detra portas claudite, de reuniones bilateral, de interminabile horas de discussiones inter le negotiators, io crede que omne le elementos del accordo nunc deberea esser clar.”

Le Statos Unite ha presentate su proposition, que include un action decisive del parte del paises pro reducer le emissiones de gases de calefaction, le transparentia in le verification del adhesion al normas concordate, e le financiamento del adjuta al paises povre e al paises le plus afficite.

Obama non presentava un nove proposition foras de illos que jam se trova sur le tabula, notabilemente le offerta del Statos Unite de reducer su emissiones per 17% desde iste momento usque 1920 e de plus que 80% usque 2050, con le contribution a un fundo mundial de 100 billiones de dollars per anno pro paises in disveloppamento.

Le presidente american ha recognoscite que le plano discutite a Copenhagen non placera omne le mundo ma insiste que illo constituerea progresso al direction correcte. “Nos pote acceptar iste accordo como un passo importante in avante e continuar a adjustar lo e construer sur su fundationes”, declarava Obama, qui ha habite conversationes private confidential con le prime ministro chinese Wen Jiabao.

Certe observatores deplora le facto que le Statos Unite non ha promittite nivellos plus elevate del reduction de bioxido de carbon e que China non ha consentite a publicar su archivos sur su proproprie reductiones de iste gas.

Diverse leaders ha facite discursos pro presentar le mensuras que jam se ha prendite in lor paises pro attenuar le impacto del calefaction climatic. Certe dirigentes african, como le prime ministro de Lesotho, Pakalitha Mosisilli, es amaremente disappunctate al vider que le conference de Copenhagen non ha potite producer un programma plus forte. “Dicer que nos es disappunctate esserea un euphemismo, particularmente post 24 menses de dur negotiones”, declarava ille.

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Le président Barack Obama, ainsi que les dirigeants de 100 autres pays, a fait un voyage à Copenhague pour la session finale de la conférence sur le réchauffement climatique. Alors que les négociations tirent vers la fin, aucune nouvelle proposition de compromis n’était apparente, et maintenant les discussions ont principalement une orientation vers un engagement politique dans des négociations futures.

Obama a appelé les participants à désaccentuer leurs divergences et parvenir à un accord pour un plan d’action. « Après des mois de discours, après deux semaines de négociation, après d’innombrables réunions à huis clos, de réunions bilatérales, d’interminables heures de discussions entre les négociateurs, je pense que tous les éléments de l’accord devraient être clairs maintenant. »

Les Etats-Unis ont présenté leur proposition, qui inclut une action décisive de la part des pays en vue de réduire les émissions de gaz à effet de serre, la transparence dans la vérification de l’adhésion aux normes convenues et le financement de l’aide aux pays pauvres et aux pays les plus affectés.

Obama n’a pas présenté de nouvelle proposition en dehors de celles déjà sur la table, notamment l’offre des Etats-Unis de réduire leurs émissions de 17% d’ici à 2020 et de plus de 80% à l’horizon 2050, ainsi la contribution à un fonds mondial de 100 milliards de dollars par an en faveur des pays en développement.

Le président américain a reconnu que le plan discuté à Copenhague ne plaira pas à tout le monde, mais il insiste qu’il constituerait un progrès dans la bonne direction. « Nous pouvons accepter cet accord, franchir un pas important vers l’avant et continuer de l’ajuster et bâtir sur ses fondations », a déclaré Obama, qui a eu des entretiens privés en marge de la conférence avec le Premier ministre chinois Wen Jiabao.

Certains observateurs déplorent le fait que les États-Unis n’a pas promis des niveaux plus élevés de réduction de dioxyde de carbone et que la Chine n’a pas accepté de rendre publiques ses archives sur ses propres réductions de ce gaz.

Divers leaders ont pris la parole pour présenter les mesures déjà prises dans leurs pays pour atténuer l’impact du réchauffement climatique. Certains dirigeants africains, comme le Premier Ministre du Lesotho, Pakalitha Mosisilli, sont amèrement déçus de voir que la conférence de Copenhague n’a pas été en mesure de produire un programme plus fort. « Dire que nous sommes déçus serait un euphémisme, en particulier après 24 mois de dures négociations », a-t-il déclaré.

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President Obama has asked for a consensus among the participants at the Copenhagen conference.

President Barack Obama, as well as the leaders of 100 other countries, made a trip to Copenhagen for the final session of the conference on global warming. While negotiations are coming to an end, no new compromise proposal was apparent, and now the discussions have an orientation principally toward political engagement in future negotiations.

Obama has called on participants to de-emphasize their differences and arrive at an agreement for a plan of action. “After months of speeches, after two weeks of negotiation, after countless meetings in private, bilateral meetings, endless hours of discussions between the negotiators, I think all the elements of the agreement should now be clear.”

The United States presented its proposal, including decisive action by countries to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions, transparency in the verification of adherence to agreed standards, and financial assistance to poor countries and countries most affected.

Obama did not present a new proposal in addition to those already on the table, including the offer by the United States to reduce its emissions by 17% by 2020 and more than 80% by 2050, as well as contributing to 100 billion dollars a year to a global fund for developing countries.

The U.S. has acknowledged that the plan discussed in Copenhagen will not please everyone, but it would be a step in the right direction. “We can accept this agreement as an important step forward and continue to adjust and build on its foundations,” said Barack Obama, who has held private talks on the sidelines of the conference with Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao.

Some observers are unhappy that the United States has not promised higher levels of carbon-dioxide reductions and that China did not agree to make publicly available its records on its own reductions of this gas.

Other leaders took the floor to introduce the measures already taken in their countries to mitigate the impact of global warming. Some, like the Prime Minister of Lesotho, Pakalitha Mosisilli, are bitterly disappointed that not more has been accomplished in Copenhagen. “To say we are disappointed would be an understatement, especially after 24 months of tough negotiations,” he said.

In Copenhagen, Lula diceva que trovar solutiones pro le cambios climatic global non es un joco.

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, Portuguese, English)

Adoptante un tono dur, le presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva faceva un discurso in le reunion del Nationes Unite sur le cambio climatic iste jovedi, defendente cortes de 40% in le emissiones global usque 2020 e affirmante que le negotiationes “non es un joco in le qual on pote celar cartas in le manica”.

In un message directe al paises disveloppate, Lula insisteva que le financiamento pro le paises povre non debe esser “un timide promissa o mirage” e demandava scopos clar pro cortar le emissiones del paises disveloppate.

“Nos pote esser omnes perditores”, insisteva Lula sur le risco de non arrivar a un accordo in Copenhagen.

Ultra cortes de 40% usque 2020, Lula defendeva actiones immediate pro evitar que le augmentation del temperatura global ultrapassa 2ºC.

Lula affirmava que le paises in disveloppamento anque ha le responsibilitate de contribuer al combate al cambios climatic e notava que mesmo in le absentia de contributiones, multes jam presentava propositiones pro paises ric.

Le principal message del presidente brasilian tamen esseva dirigite al leaders del paises industrialisate qui participara in le conferentia in Copenhagen.

“Il non ha ulle loco pro conformismo”, diceva Lula. “Il es necesse adoptar objectivos a un nivello del responsabilitate historic que representa le menacia del cambio climatic global.”

Le presidente brasilian notava specialmente le fragilitate del paises povre “que jam senti le effectos del cambio del clima” e defendeva le mantenimento del Protocolo de Kyoto, que terminara in 2012, ma cuje extension sta a negotiar se in Copenhagen.

Le message de Lula al mundo es specialmente urgente proque multe partes del Brasil se trova presso le equator, e ulle augmento in le temperatura medie del atmosphera del mundo esserea multo prejudicial pro le societate brasilian.

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Em Copenhague, Lula diz que encontrar soluções para a mudança climática global não é um jogo.

Adotando um tom duro, o presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva discursou na reunião das Nações Unidas sobre mudança climática nesta quinta-feira, defendendo cortes de 40% nas emissões globais até 2020 e afirmando que as negociações “não são um jogo em que se pode esconder as cartas na manga”.

Em recado direto aos países desenvolvidos, Lula cobrou que o financiamento para os países pobres não debe ser “uma tímida promessa ou miragem” e pediu metas claras de corte de emissões dos países desenvolvidos.

“Podemos ser todos perdedores”, insistiu Lula sobre o risco de não se chegar a um acordo em Copenhague.

Além dos cortes de 40% até 2020, Lula defendeu ações imediatas para evitar que o aumento da temperatura global ultrapasse 2ºC.

Lula afirmou que os países em desenvolvimento também têm responsabilidade de contribuir no combate às mudanças climáticas e lembrou que mesmo na ausência de contribuições, muitos já apresentaram propostas dos países ricos.

A principal mensagem do presidente brasileiro, entretanto, foi dirigida aos líderes dos países industrializados que participarão da conferência em Copenhague.

“Não há lugar para conformismo”, disse Lula. “É preciso assumir metas à altura da responsabilidade histórica que representa a ameaça da mudança climática global.”

O presidente brasileiro destacou a fragilidade dos países pobres “que já sentem os efeitos da mudança do clima” e defendeu a manutenção do Protocolo de Kyoto, que vence em 2012, mas cuja extensão está sendo negociada em Copenhague.

A mensagem de Lula para o mundo é especialmente urgente porque muitas partes do Brasil estão perto do equador, e qualquer aumento na temperatura média da atmosfera do mundo seria muito prejudicial para a sociedade brasileira.

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In Copenhagen, Lula said that finding remedies for global climate changes is not a game.

Adopting a harsh tone, President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva addressed the United Nations meeting on climate change on Thursday, defending the 40% cuts in global emissions by 2020 and stating that the negotiations “are not a game where you can hide cards up your sleeve.”

In a direct message to the developed countries, Lula insisted that the financing for poor countries must not be “a timid promise or mirage” and called for clear targets to cut emissions from developed countries.

“We can all be losers,” Lula insisted in discussing the risk of not reaching an agreement in Copenhagen.

In addition to cuts of 40% by 2020, Lula advocated immediate action to keep global temperatures from rising beyond two degrees Celsius.

Lula said that developing countries also have a responsibility to help fight climate change and noted that even in the absence of contributions, many have already submitted proposals for rich countries.

The main message of the Brazilian president, however, was directed to the leaders of the industrialized countries attending the conference in Copenhagen.

“There is no place for conformity,” Lula said. “We must adopt targets up to the level of responsibility that represents the menace of global climate change.”

The Brazilian president highlighted the fragility of poor countries “that already are feeling the effects of climate change” and defended the continuation of the Kyoto Protocol, which expires in 2012 but whose extension is being negotiated in Copenhagen.

Lula’s message to the world is especially urgent because many parts of Brazil are near the equator, and any increase in the average temperature of the atmosphere of the world would be very disruptive to Brazilian society.

Delegatos african al conferentia sur le calefaction climatic a Copenhagen suspende brevemente lor participation ...

Delegatos african al conferentia sur le calefaction climatic a Copenhagen suspende brevemente lor participation in le conferentia a causa del timor que on non presta assatis attention al protocolo de Kyoto.

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, French, English)

Le secretario General del Nationes Unite, Ban Ki-Moon, exhortava le negotiatores del conferentia sur le clima a Copenhagen a reduplicar lor effortios pro arrivar a un accordo post que le paises African brevemente suspendeva lor participation pro exprimer lor frustration.

Le delegatos de 193 paises, includente 110 chefs de stato qui veniva al conferentia del summitate quando illo comenciava, debe arrivar a un accordo venerdi sur le melior maniera de limitar le calefaction global a 2 grados Celsius.

Ma al apertura de iste secunde septimana de negotiation, le 53 paises African suspendeva lor participation in le gruppos de travalio pro protestar le carentia de attention al futuro del Protocolo de Kyoto, que impone limitationes sur le paises disveloppate usque le fin de 2012.

Le delegato de Gabon, Etienne Massard Makega, indicava que il esseva un question del unic instrumento que garantiva que le paises del mundo facerea lo minimo pro reducer le gases calefacente post le anno 2012.

Le presidente danese del conferentia, Connie Hedegaard, debeva reducer le tension inter le africanos, predicente al mesme tempore altere minicrises ante le fin del conferentia, explicante que il ha multe interesses in joco.

Il ha solmente quatro dies pro arrivar a un accordo. In iste momento il ha ancora differentias concernente le costos del reduction del calefaction global, le objectivos a attinger pro reducer le temperaturas medie del atmosphera, le mechanismos de controlo que debe esser utilisate, e mesmo si il es nunc troppo tarde pro facer interventiones efficace.

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Les délégués africains à la conférence sur le réchauffement climatique à Copenhague suspendent brièvement leur participation à la conférence en raison de la crainte que pas beaucoup d’attention est accordée au Protocole de Kyoto.

Le secrétaire général de l’Organisation des Nations Unies, Ban Ki-moon, a exhorté les négociateurs de la conférence sur le climat de Copenhague à redoubler d’efforts pour parvenir à un accord, après que les pays africains eurent brièvement suspendu leur participation pour exprimer leur frustration.

Les délégués de 193 pays, dont plus de 110 chefs d’État qui sont arrivés à la conférence au sommet quand elle a commencé, doivent s’accorder d’ici à vendredi sur la meilleure façon de limiter le réchauffement à 2 degrés Celsius.

Mais à l’ouverture de cette deuxième semaine de négociation, les 53 pays africains ont suspendu leur participation aux groupes de travail pour protester contre le manque d’attention portée à l’avenir du Protocole de Kyoto, qui impose des contraintes aux pays développés jusqu’à la fin de l’année 2012.

Le délégué du Gabon, Etienne Massard Makaga, a indiqué qu’il s’agissait du seul instrument qui garantisse que les pays du monde prendront des engagements minimaux pour réduire les gaz à effet de serre au-delà de 2012.

La présidente danoise de la conférence, Connie Hedegaard, a tenu à dédramatiser la colère des africains, tout en prédisant d’autres mini-crises avant la fin de la conférence, expliquant qu’il y a beaucoup d'intérêts en jeu.

Il ne reste que quatre jours pour arriver à un accord. À ce moment il y a encore des différences concernant les coûts de réduction du réchauffement global, les objectifs à atteindre pour réduire les températures moyennes de l’atmosphère, les mécanismes de contrôle que doivent être utilisés, et même si il est maintenant trop tard pour faire des interventions efficaces.

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African delegates to the conference on global warming at Copenhagen briefly suspend their participation in the conference because of a concern that not much attention is being paid to the Kyoto Protocol.

The UN Secretary Genera, Ban Ki-moon, urged the negotiators of the climate conference in Copenhagen to redouble efforts to reach an agreement, after the African countries briefly suspended their participation to express their frustration.

Delegates from 193 countries, including over 110 heads of state who came to the summit conference when it began, must agree by Friday on how best to limit global warming to 2 degrees Celsius.

But during the opening of the second week of negotiation, the fifty-three African countries suspended their participation in working groups to protest against lack of attention to the future of the Kyoto Protocol, which imposes constraints on developed countries until the end of 2012.

The representative of Gabon, Etienne Massard Makaga said it was the only instrument that ensures that the countries of the world will make minimum commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions beyond 2012.

The Danish President of the conference, Connie Hedegaard, had to defuse the Africans’ anger, while predicting other mini-crises before the end of the conference, explaining that there are many interests at stake

There are now only four days left to arrive at an agreement. At this time there still are differences regarding the costs of reducing global warming, the goals to be achieved for reducing average temperatures in the atmosphere, the control mechanisms to be used, and even whether it is now too late to make any effective interventions.

Le Union Europee propone un total de 7,2 billiones de euros pro luctar contra le calefaction global.

(Languages of this post: Interlingua, French, English)

Un septimana ante le fin del conferentia de Copenhagen, le leaders europee a Bruxelles ha decidite dedicar 7,2 billiones de euros a paises disveloppante pro adjuvar los a luctar contra le cambiamento climatic durante le proxime tres annos. Le governamentos del Regno Unite, del Francia, e de Germania contribuera plus que cinquanta per cento de iste moneta. Pro alicunes, isto es un passo importante. Pro alteres, illo es un gesto completemente insufficiente.

Le lucta contra le deforestation es le plus simple e le minus costose maniera de reducer le emissiones de CO2, declarava Nicolas Sarkozy, le presidente de Francia. Ma Greenpeace insiste que un tal programma debe durar plus que tres annos. Le emissiones de CO2, le deforestation, e le cambios climatic non cessara in tres annos, secundo Joris den Blanken, portavoce de Greenpeace.

Usque le presente, nulle solution ha essite proponite pro adjuvar le paises povre in lor lucta contra le cambio climatic inter le annos 2012 e 2030. Le Commission Europee ha estimate que un tal programma costara al minus un centenar de billiones de dollars. Certe personas pensa que nulle tipo de programma habera influentias significante sur le tendentias meteorologic a termino longe al nivello mundial proque illos es troppo complicate pro esser perfectemente comprendite per le modellos scientific actual.

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L’Union européenne propose un total de 7,2 milliards d’euros pour lutter contre le réchauffement climatique.

Une semaine avant la fin de la conférence de Copenhague, les dirigeants européens à Bruxelles ont décidé d’accorder 7,2 billions d’euros pour les pays en développement pour les aider à lutter contre le changement climatique au cours des trois prochaines années. Les gouvernements du Royaume-Uni, la France et l’Allemagne contribuera pour plus de cinquante pour cent de cet argent. Pour certains, il s’agit d’une étape importante. Pour d’autres, c’est un geste tout à fait insuffisante.

La lutte contre la déforestation est la plus simple et la moins chère manière de réduire les émissions de CO2 , a déclaré Nicolas Sarkozy, le président de la France. Mais Greenpeace insiste sur le fait que cet engagement doit s'étendre au-delà de trois ans. Les émissions de C02, la déforestation et les changements climatiques ne cessera pas en trois ans, selon Joris den Blanken, porte-parole de Greenpeace.

Jusqu’à présent, aucune solution n’a été proposée pour aider les pays pauvres dans leur lutte contre le changement climatique entre les années 2012 et 2030. La Commission Européenne a estimé qu’un tel programme coûtera au moins une centaine de milliards de dollars. Certaines personnes pensent que tout type de programme n’aura pas d’influence significative sur les tendances météorologiques à long terme au niveau mondial car elles sont trop compliquées pour être parfaitement comprises par les modèles scientifiques actuels.

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The European Union proposes a total of 7.2 billion euros to fight global warming.

One week before the end of the Copenhagen conference, European leaders in Brussels decided to grant 7.2 billion euros for developing countries to help them fight against climate change over the next three years. The governments of the United Kingdom, France, and Germany will contribute more than fifty percent of this money. For some, this is an important step. For others, it is a totally inadequate gesture.

The fight against deforestation is the simplest and cheapest way of reducing CO2 emissions, said Nicolas Sarkozy, the president of France. But Greenpeace insists that such a program should last more than three years. CO2 emissions, deforestation, and climate changes will not stop in three years, according to Joris den Blanken, a spokesman for Greenpeace.

So far, no solution has been proposed to help poor countries in their fight against climate change between the years 2012 and 2030. The European Commission has estimated that such a program will cost at least one hundred billion dollars. Some people believe that no kind of program will have any significant influence on long-term global weather patterns since they are too complicated to be understood completely by current scientific models.